Isodon

Ponicidin (Rubescensine B) is a diterpenoid derived from Rabdosia rubescens that exhibits immunoregulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, and anti-cancer activity. Ponicidin induces apoptosis of gastric carcinoma cells, decreases the phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3, and shows no effect on the protein levels of JAK2 and STAT3.

Eriocalyxin B induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells through caspase- and p53-dependent pathways, should be considered a candidate for pancreatic cancer treatment; it is a specific inhibitor of STAT3, it directly target

Lasiodin (Lasiokaurin) is a diterpene compound from the plant Camellia sinensis that inhibits the proliferation of NPC cells. Lasiodin has antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial activities, induces cell cycle length and apoptosis, induces cell migration and invasion, and can be used in the study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Glaucocalyxin B is a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia japonica with anticancer and antitumor activity. It decreases the growth of HL-60 cells (IC50: 5.86 μM).

Oridonin (NSC-250682) is a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens with anti-tumor, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. It acts as an inhibitor of AKT, with IC50s of 8.4 and 8.9 μM for AKT1 and AKT2.

1. Glaucocalyxin A (Leukamenin F)-SBE-β-CD could be useful with a better solubility and sustained function in drug delivery. 2. Glaucocalyxin A activates caspase-3, decreases BAD phosphorylation, and reduces the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. 3. Glaucocalyxin A inhibits Akt phosphorylation, suppresses proliferation, and promotes apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, but not in normal glial cells. 4. Glaucocalyxin A inhibits collagen-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of Syk, LAT, and phospholipase Cγ2, the signaling events in collagen receptor GPⅥ pathway. 5. Glaucocalyxin A could potentially be developed as an antiplatelet and antithrombotic agent, can inhibit platelet p-selectin secretion and integrin activation by convulxin, is a GPVI selective ligand.

Ergosterol peroxide (NSC 31324) is a derivative from mushrooms with anti-tumor, pro-apoptotic anti-mycobacterial and anti-proliferative activities.Ergosterol peroxide has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and is toxic to parasites.

During hypoxia in rats, levels of α-tocopherylquinon have been found to rise. alpha-Tocopherolquinone (Metarene) is reported to downregulate the respiratory activity of mitochondria. alpha-Tocopherolquinone has also displayed antioxidant activities after it is reduced to tocopherylhydroquinone.

1. Kamebakaurin (Kamebakaurine) has the ability to protect the liver from APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, presumably by both inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. 2. Kamebakaurin inhibits the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and its target genes to confer antitumor activity. 3. Kamebakaurin has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities through direct inhibition of DNA-binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p50.4. Kamebakaurin has anti-neuroinflammatory activity via inhibition of c-Jun NH -terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in activated microglial cells.

Lasiodonin is a natural product isolated from the leaves of Isodon parvifolius.

DL-alpha-Tocopherylacetate ((±)-Vitamin E acetate) is an oral tocopherol supplement with antioxidant activity.

Lumichrome is an endogenous compound in humans, produced by photodegradation of riboflavin. It utilizes a p53-dependent mechanism to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human lung cancer cells.

D-alpha-Tocopherol acetate (Vitamin E Acetate) is hydrolyzed to d-alpha-tocopherol (VE) and absorbed in the small intestine.

Rabdosiin ((+)-Rabdosiin) is a natural product, and has anti-allergic activity, anti-HIV activity and inhibition on DNA topoisomerase.

(-)-vibo-Quercitol ((-)-Viburnitol) is a carbaglycosylamine glycosidase inhibitor.

Sculponeatin A is a natural product from Rabdosia amethystoides.

Lophanthoidin B is a natural product isolated from the herbs of Rabdosia lophanthoides.

Bulleyanin shows strong inhibition of mouse ehrlich ascites carcinoma (ECA), mouse sarcoma S-180, and mouse liver ascites.

Lophanthoidin F is a kind of natural product derived from the herbs of Rabdosia lophanthoides.

Maoyerabdosin is a kind of natural product derived from the herbs of Isodon.

Nodosin has anti-inflammatory function of Nodosin via inhibition of IL-2. Nodosin perfusion provides a potential protective effect through inducing HO-1 expression to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion injury in liver transplantation.

Kamebanin, a natural diterpenoid, has antibacterial activity. It also shows efficient cytotoxic activity against HeLa and HL-60 cells.

Lophanthoidin E is a kind of natural product derived from the herbs of Rabdosia lophanthoides.

Trichorabdal A shows a very strong in vitro antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori.