triiodothyronine

Triiodothyronine Sulfate is a prodrug to the Conventional Hormone Therapy of Hypothyroidism. Triiodothyronine sulfate is the main metabolite of thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). Triiodothyronine is an active form of thyroid hormone bind to β1 thyroid

3,3',5-Triiodothyronine-(tyrosine ring-13C6) hydrochloride is the 13C labeled compound of 3,3',5-Triiodothyronine hydrochloride.

Liothyronine (Tresitope) is a synthetic and highly active thyroid hormone that acts as an effective agonist of TRα and TRβ (Ki = 2.33 nM for both hTRα and hTRβ). It activates the TRβ1 receptor, promotes the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, accelerates the oxidative processes in tissue cells, maintains basal metabolic rate, and supports normal growth and development. Liothyronine can be used to induce hyperthyroidism models.

Liothyronine Sodium is the sodium salt form of liothyronine, a synthetic form of the levorotatory isomer of the naturally occurring thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). Liothyronine sodium (3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine sodium) binds to nuclear thyroid receptors which then bind to thyroid hormone response elements of target genes. As a result, liothyronine sodium induces gene expression that is required for normal growth and development. Liothyronine sodium is more potent and has a more rapid action than thyroxine (T4).

Reverse T3 (3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine) inhibits the increase of sodium current generated by other thyroid hormone analogs in neonatal rat myocytes.

Liothyronine is a T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine.

Liothyronine sodium hydrate (Triiodothyronine sodium hydrate) is a TRα and TRβ agonist and a thyroxine analog with anticancer and antitumor activities. It can be used to study hypothyroidism, stroke and cognitive dysfunction.

3,3',5-Triiodothyronine-(tyrosine ring-13C6) is the 13C labeled compound of 3,3',5-Triiodothyronine. 3,3',5-Triiodothyronine has a CAS number of 5817-39-0.

REVERSE T3 (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving REVERSE T3. Reverse T3 (3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine) inhibits the increase of sodium current generated by other thyroid hormone analogs in neonatal rat myocytes.

L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.

T3 Acyl glucuronide is the acyl glucuronide formation of triiodothyronine (T3). T3 Acyl glucuronide is an endogenous metabolite

L-3373 is a competitive T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) antagonist with IC₅₀ values of 38 and 36 nM for alpha1-T3R and beta1-T3R, respectively.

2-Ethylhexyl (E)-3-(4-(methoxy-d3)phenyl)acrylate is the deuterated form of Octinoxate. Octinoxate (Octyl methoxycinnamate) acts as an agonist of thyroid hormone receptors, leading to a reduction in triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels, as well as the transcription levels of type II deiodinase (deio2) related genes in Japanese Medaka. Commonly used as a safe ultraviolet (UV) filter in aquatic environments, Octinoxate inhibits CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, and influences hyaluronic acid (HA) metabolism in human keratinocytes through a PI3K pathway-dependent manner. It also exhibits both anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic effects in vitro and in vivo.

TR antagonist 2 (Compound 10a) is a competitive inhibitor of thyroid hormone receptors (TRα/β) with an IC50 of 47 nM. It works by competitively binding to the ligand-binding domain of the receptor with triiodothyronine (T3), thereby blocking the formation of the receptor-coactivator complex, inhibiting target gene transcription, and reducing thyroid hormone-mediated metabolic effects. TR antagonist 2 holds potential for research into hyperthyroidism (such as Graves' disease) and thyrotoxicosis.

Fenclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent that competitively supresses the binding of thyroxine(T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) by thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG).

N-Desbutyl dronedarone is an active metabolite of the antiarrhythmic agent dronedarone .1,2,3It is formed from dronedarone by cytochrome P450s (CYPs) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) in human hepatocyte preparations.4N-Desbutyl dronedarone inhibits the binding of 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine to the thyroid hormone receptors TRα1and TRβ1(IC50s = 59 and 280 μM for the chicken and human receptors, respectively).1It inhibits CYP2J2-mediated formation of 14,15-EET from arachidonic acid and soluble epoxide hydrolase-mediated formation of 14,15-DHET from 14,15-EET (IC50s = 1.59 and 2.73 μM, respectively, in cell-free assays).2N-Desbutyl dronedarone decreases intracellular ATP levels in H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes (IC50= 1.07 μM) and inhibits mitochondrial complex I, also known as NADH dehydrogenase, and mitochondrial complex II, also known as succinate dehydrogenase, activities in isolated rat heart mitochondria (IC50s = 11.94 and 24.54 μM, respectively).3 1.Van Beeren, H.C., Jong, W.M.C., Kaptein, E., et al.Dronerarone acts as a selective inhibitor of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine binding to thyroid hormone receptor-α1: in vitro and in vivo evidenceEndocrinology144(2)552-558(2003) 2.Karkhanis, A., Tram, N.D.T., and Chan, E.C.Y.Effects of dronedarone, amiodarone and their active metabolites on sequential metabolism of arachidonic acid to epoxyeicosatrienoic and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acidsBiochem. Pharmacol.146188-198(2017) 3.Karkhanis, A., Leow, J.W.H., Hagen, T., et al.Dronedarone-induced cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and its mitigation by epoxyeicosatrienoic acidsToxicol. Sci.163(1)79-91(2018) 4.Klieber, S., Arabeyre-Fabre, C., Moliner, P., et al.Identification of metabolic pathways and enzyme systems involved in the in vitro human hepatic metabolism of dronedarone, a potent new oral antiarrhythmic drugPharmacol. Res. Perspec.2(3)e00044(2014)

L-Thyroxine-13C6 is the 13C labeled compound of L-Thyroxine. L-Thyroxine has a CAS number of 51-48-9. Levothyroxine is the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.

L-Thyroxine-13C6-1 (Levothyroxine-13C6-1; T4-13C6-1) is a 13C-labeled variant of L-Thyroxine. L-Thyroxine (Levothyroxine; T4) is a synthetic thyroid hormone utilized in hypothyroidism research. DIO enzymes convert L-Thyroxine (T4) into the biologically active triiodothyronine (T3).

L-Thyroxine (Standard) is the standard substance of L-Thyroxine, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. L-Thyroxine (NSC 36397) is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.

Thyroglobulin is a 660 kDa dimeric glycoprotein produced by thyroid follicular cells and utilized entirely within the thyroid. It serves as a substrate for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), and acts as a storage form for inactive thyroid hormones and iodine in the follicular lumen of thyroid follicles.