roots

Pellitorine (Pellitorin) is an extract of Tetradium daniellii, and acts as a TRPV1 antagonist.

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active component isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, suppresses the activation of ERK1 2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, (MMP)-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Astragaloside IV is a bioactive saponin first isolated from the dried plant roots of the genus Astragalus, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.1 It dose-dependently inhibits human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) in A549 cells (IC50 = 23 μM; LC50 = 865 μM).It inhibits replication of HAdV-3 and decreases HAdV-3-induced apoptosis. It has diverse protective effects for the cardiovascular, immune, digestive, and nervous systems. In particular, it reduces myocardial infarct size in dogs when administered prior to coronary ligation and reduces reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts.

Praeruptorin B (Praeruptorin D), a compound found in the roots of Peuced, is an inhibitor of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) that attenuates the metastatic ability of human renal cancer cells by targeting CTSC and CTSV expression, and can be used in the study of osteoporosis.

2'-Hydroxy-4'-methylacetophenone, a phenolic compound isolated from Angelicae koreana roots, possesses acaricidal properties and can be used in the preparation of 4'-methyl-2'-[(p-tolylsulfonyl)oxy]acetophenone.

Podofilox ((+)-Shikonin) is a lignan (LIGNANS) found in PODOPHYLLIN resin from the roots of PODOPHYLLUM plants. It is a potent spindle poison, toxic if taken internally, and has been used as a cathartic. It is very irritating to skin and mucous membranes, has keratolytic actions, has been used to treat warts and keratoses, and may have antineoplastic properties, as do some of its congeners and derivatives.

Emodin (Frangula emodin) is a naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and barks of numerous plants; exerts antiproliferative effects in Y cells that are regulated by different signaling pathways.

Alizarin (Mordant Red 11), a red dye derived from the roots of plants of the madder genus, inhibits P450 isoform CYP1A1( IC50 = 6.2 μM), CYP1A2 (IC50 =10.0 μM )and CYP1B1(IC50 = 2.7 μM).

Protocatechualdehyde (3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde), a natural polyphenol compound derived from radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae roots, exhibits diverse biological activities and finds extensive medicinal applications as an antioxidant, anti-aging, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory agent.

2,6-Dimethylquinoline is a natural product extracted from the roots of Peucedantu praeruptorum. 2,6-Dimethylquinoline is an inhibitor of CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 with an IC50 of 3.3 and 480 µM, respectively.

Inulin(Inulin and sodium chloride), a starch found in the tubers and roots of many plants. Since it is hydrolyzable to fructose, it is classified as a fructosan.

Valeramide is an amide compound isolated from the roots of Ottonia anisum Spreng.

3,4-(Methylenedioxy)cinnamic acid (3-(Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)acrylic acid) is a plant-derived compound first extracted from roots of Asparagus officinalis and further characterized as an allelochemical.

(E)-3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylsinapic acid) is a natural compound derived from the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum.

Amarogentin is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. It plays cemopreventive therapeutic role during liver carcinogenesis through modulation of cell cycle and apoptosis

ISOBERGAPTEN is a plant growth regulating substance, it is the principal constituents responsible for the antimycobacterial activity of the roots of Heracleum maximum; it may form an important class of natural defensive agents against fungi.

Paeonolide is a phytoglycoside widely found in the roots of plants of the genus Paeonia and is a novel regulator of the core binding factor subunit alpha-1 in bone-forming cells.

Rehmannioside D is a carotenoid glycoside that existed in the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.

Tenuifoliside B is a natural product from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia.And is a target lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor. Tenuifoliside B has cognitive improving and cerebral protective effects. it can inhibit potassium cyanide (KCN)-induced hypoxia and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice.

7-O-Methylbiochanin A (4',7-Dimethoxy-5-hydroxyisoflavone) is an isoflavone derivative isolated from the roots of Lotus polyphyllos and other plants in the water lily family.

Dihydroseselin (8,8-dimethyl-9,10-dihydropyrano[2,3-h]chromen-2-one) is a coumarin derived from the roots of Toddalia.

Picropodophyllone is one of the lignans from the roots of D. aurantiocaulis and D. pleianthum.

Reserpine (Serpalan) is an alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.

1-Linoleoyl Glycerol (Monolinolein) is fatty acid glycerol that has been isolated from Saururus Chinensis roots. The (R)-1-Linoleoyl Glycerol and (S)-1-Linoleoyl Glycerol exhibit Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 45.0 and 52.0 μM, respectively.

3'- O- Acetylhamaudol, isolated from the roots of Angelica japonica, exhibits anti-tumor activity through dual actions, anti-angiogenesis and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte activation.