rhizomes

The biological activity of Jervine (Jerwiny) is mediated via its interaction with the 7 passes transmembrane protein Smoothened. Jervine binds with and inhibits smoothened, which is an integral part of the Hedgehog signaling pathways. With smoothened inhibited, the GLI1 transcription cannot be activated and Hedgehog target genes cannot be transcribed.

17-Hydroxy sprengerinin C is a glycoside compound isolated from rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum with stronger anticancer activities. 17-Hydroxy sprengerinin C reduces the expression of Blc-2 and pro-caspase3 and increases the production of Bax.

Zerumbone is a natural monocyclic sesquiterpene first isolated from rhizomes of the wild ginger Z. zerumbet.It has also been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, contributing to immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects.

(E)-3,4,5-Trimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylsinapic acid) is a natural compound derived from the roots and rhizomes of Notopterygium incisum.

Parishin (Parishin A) A is isolated from the rhizomes of Gastrodia elata. It has good neuroprotective effects against brain disorders.

7-O-MethylMangiferin is an xanthone isolated from the rhizomes of Iris nigricans.

Orcinol glucoside (Sakakin) (OG), an active constituent isolated from the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn, shows potent antioxidative and anxiolytic activities without sedative effects.

Protogracillin, a steroidal saponin isolated from Dioscorea zingiberensis Wright (DZW), may inhibit platelet aggregation (PAG) and thrombosis, potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases through its anti-thrombotic action.

Cycloposine, a steroidal alkaloid present in the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum californicum, is known to possess teratogenic properties.

Rehmannioside B, a desacyl derivative of Picrorhizaoside B, can be isolated from the methanol extract of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. rhizomes (Plantaginaceae) [1].

Progenin III palmitate, a steroid glycoside ester, is isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea cayenensis [1].

Picropodophyllin-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 17), a lignan, has been isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum sinensis [1].

Dichotomitin is an natural isoflavonoid isolated from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.

Donasine, an indole alkaloid naturally derived from the rhizomes of Arundo donax L. [1], exhibits antipyretic properties.

Acacetin 7-O-β-sophoroside, a flavonoid glycoside, has been isolated from the rhizomes and roots of valerian (Valeriana officinalis) [1].

1,3,6-Trihydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3-O-(6'-O-acetyl)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (Compound 20), a quinone derivative, is isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Madder [1].

(+)-5,7,4'-Trimethoxyafzelechin, a derivative of (+)-Afzelechin, functions as an α-glucosidase activity inhibitor and is isolated from the rhizomes of Bergenia ligulata [1].

(-)-Afzelechin, an antioxidant compound extracted from the rhizomes of Astilbe rivularis, demonstrates potent activity [1].

Norbergenin is a chemical compound. It is the O-demethylated derivative of bergenin. It can be isolated from rhizomes of Bergenia stracheyi.

Polyphyllin H can be extracted from loblolly pine and rhizomes, has antitumor activity, and is used in studies of inflammation, fractures, and convulsions.

Dactylorhin A, a succinate derivative ester isolated from the rhizomes of Gymnadenia conopsea, exhibits a moderate inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.

Tokinolide B, isolated from Ligusticum porter rhizomes, mediates anti-inflammatory effects via Nur77 binding.

Iristectorigenin A is a natural isoflavone isolated from the rhizomes of B. chinensis [with antioxidant activity].

Kaempferol-7,4'-dimethyl ether, isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber phillipseae, exhibits antioxidant activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MICs of 200 and 225 μg/ml, respectively.