mucosal

5-A-RU hydrochloride (5-Amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil hydrochloride) is an intermediate of bacterial riboflavin that activates mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT).5-A-RU is used in the study of breast and prostate cancer.

ZINC40099027 is a specific adhesion plaque kinase (FAK) activator that promotes gastric mucosal repair in persistent aspirin-associated gastric injury through activation of adhesion plaque kinase, activates human adhesion plaque kinase by accelerating the enzyme activity of the structural domain of FAK kinase, activates cytosolic FAK, and promotes intestinal epithelial wound closure.

5-A-RU (5-Amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil) is an early intermediate in riboflavin biosynthesis and is found in a variety of bacteria and yeast as well as plants. 5-A-RU is also a mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell activator that forms potent MAIT-activating antigens through non-enzymatic reactions with small molecules from other metabolic pathways.

Rilopirox (HOE 351) initiated a novel antifungal compound for the study of mucosal Candida infections, lichen planus and seborrheic dermatitis.

Rioprostil is a methyl prostaglandin E1 analog that decreases gastric acid secretion and enhances the gastric mucus-bicarbonate barrier. It is effective in the treatment of gastric ulcers and gives significant protection against NSAID-induced gastric muco

Leminoprazole is an orally available H+,K(+)-ATPase inhibitor that protects gastric mucosal cells from various cellular damages.

5-OP-RU is a MAIT-activating ligand, the major antigen of MAIT cells, a mucosal adjuvant, induces efficient enrichment of mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and can be used to study Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is an anhydrous glucose polymer with a molecular weight range of 4500-5500. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) inhibits human immunodeficiency virus replication by preventing viral adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) induces inflammation mainly in the colon. It can destroy the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier through the high negative charge caused by sulfate groups, leading to intestinal barrier damage, macrophage dysfunction, and bacterial flora disorder.

Rebamipide (OPC12759) is a quinolinone derivative with anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities. Rebamipide induces cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) synthesis which results in an increase in endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in the gastric mucosa. This agent also inhibits H. pylori-induced production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and subsequent inflammation of the gastric mucosa. In addition, rebamipide scavenges oxygen-derived free radicals that potentially cause mucosal injury, and stimulates prostaglandin EP4 receptor gene expression followed by mucous secretion, thereby enhancing the gastric mucosal defense.

Olaquindox is an orally active antibiotic that is a quinoxaline derivative. It stimulates growth and reduces intestinal mucosal immunity in piglets.

N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU) (DMTU), isolated from Allii Sativi Bulbus, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical ( OH) and blocks OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats by exerting its antioxidant action including OH scavenging and anti-inflammatory action [1][2] .

Rusalatide acetate (TP508 amide acetate), a regenerative peptide, mitigates radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury by activating stem cells and preserving mucosal integrity.

Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a newly developed histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits gastric acid secretion.

Aspirin Aluminum is an intermolecular compound that can inhibit gastrointestinal mucosal disorders induced by NSAIDs.

Levocarnitine propionate (L-Propionylcarnitine) is a propionyl-coenzyme A (Pro-CoA) derivative with anti-ischemic effects and high affinity for muscle L-carnitine transferase. Levocarnitine propionate enhances substrate oxidation and mitochondrial respiration in the heart of diabetic rats, reduces gastric ulcer area, induces mucosal recovery, and can be used to study acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic gastric ulcers in Alzheimer's disease.

KAG-308 is an effective selective and orally active agonist of the EP4 receptor (Ki: 2.57 nM and EC50: 17 nM for human EP4 receptor), more selective over EP1, EP2, EP3, and IP receptor. KAG-308 suppresses colitis and promotes histological mucosal healing,

ISM012-042 is an orally active inhibitor of PHD1 and PHD2, with IC50 values of 1.9 and 2.5 nM, respectively. At a concentration of 2.5 μM, ISM012-042 protects Caco-2 cells from DSS-induced barrier damage. Additionally, in LPS-induced bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) from mice, ISM012-042 exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by dose-dependently reducing the expression of IL-12 subunit IL-12p35 and TNF. It also restores intestinal barrier function and alleviates intestinal inflammation in various experimental colitis models. ISM012-042 is useful for studying intestinal mucosal repair and immune disorders.

Ibuprofen arginine is an orally effective L-arginine salt of ibuprofen. It is quickly absorbed with high bioavailability and effectively alleviates various types of acute pain. Additionally, it causes minimal gastric mucosal damage and is well-tolerated. Ibuprofen arginine can be utilized in pain relief research.

Urease-IN-20 (compound XBP2) is an inhibitor of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), with an IC50 of 0.14 μM for H. pylori inhibition. It effectively decreases apoptosis in GES-1 cells infected with H. pylori and reduces levels of ROS and γH2AX. Urease-IN-20 also demonstrates significant gastric mucosal protective effects, making it suitable for H. pylori research.

FFA2 agonist-1 (Compound 4) is an agonist of the free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2 GPR43) with an EC50 of 81 nM. It demonstrates activity in β-arrestin-2 recruitment and cAMP inhibition assays, with EC50 values of 1.2 μM and 0.53 μM, respectively. FFA2 agonist-1 can induce the mucosal response of appetite-regulating peptide YY (PYY), inhibit fat accumulation, and affect intestinal function and food intake, making it useful for obesity research.

Ornoprostil, a prostaglandin E1 analogue, acts as a mucosal protectant.

CS-526 is a proton pump inhibitor. The inhibitory mechanism of CS-526 on H+,K+-ATPase was a competitive antagonism to the K+ binding site of H+,K+-ATPase, and it was also a reversible inhibition. CS-526 has a potent antisecretory effect on gastric acid se

Nepaprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. TY-11345 potently inhibited H+/K(+)-ATPase activity in isolated rabbit gastric mucosal microsomes, and the inhibitory effect was enhanced under weak acid conditions, the IC50 being 5.8 microM and 9.9 microM at pH 6.

Glycine-pentagastrin can enhance gastric mucosal defence mechanisms against acid and protect the gastric mucosa from experimental injury.