dicyclomine

Dicyclomine (Dicycloverine) is a potent, orally active antagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors, specifically M1 and M2 subtypes, with Ki values of 5.1 nM and 54.6 nM in brush-border and basal plasma membranes, respectively [1] [2]. As an antispasmodic agent, it relieves smooth muscle spasm of the gastrointestinal tract in vivo.

Dicyclomine hydrochloride is a muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence.

Cisapride tartrate is chemically related to metoclopramide, but unlike metoclopramide, it does not cross the blood-brain barrier or have antidopaminergic effects. Cisapride is a serotonin-4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist. Cisapride was indicated for the symptomatic treatment of adult patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in America stopped the marketing of cisapride as of 14th July 2000. They had received at least 341 reports of heart rhythm abnormalities and these led to 80 deaths. Other reported adverse effects are: headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, constipation. Cisapride for animals has been found helpful in some cases of megaesophagus and is a common treatment for feline megacolon. Clarithromycin, erythromycin, and troleandomycin markedly inhibit the metabolism of cisapride. Concurrent administration of certain anticholinergic compounds, such as belladonna alkaloids and dicyclomine, would be e......