brain-derived

Brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (brain-derived aFGF) (1-11) is a peptide fragment of brain-derived aFGF. Brain-derived aFGF is an angiogenic vascular endothelial cell mitogen produced in bovine brain that has sequence homology to interleukin-1. aFGF (1-11) corresponds to amino acid residues 1-11 of the full length peptide.

Brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (102-111) is a peptide fragment of brain-derived acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF). aFGF is an angiogenic vascular endothelial cell mitogen produced in bovine brain that has sequence homology to interleukin-1. It also shares sequence homology with the known neuropeptides neuromedin C , bombesin , neuromedin K , substance K , substance P , physalaemin, and eledoisin. aFGF (102-111) corresponds to amino acid residues 102-111 of the fulllength peptide.

Brain-derived basic fibroblast growth factor (1-24) (brain-derived bFGF) is a peptide fragment of brain-derived bFGF. bFGF is a peptide produced in bovine brain that is protective in a rat model of pressure-induced retinal ischemia. bFGF (1-24) corresponds to amino acid residues 1-24 of the full length peptide.

Brain Derived Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (1-24) (FGF basic 1-24), a synthetic peptide with anti-bacterial and anti-HBV properties, is utilized in infectious and immune disease research [1].

Brain Derived Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (1-11) is a polypeptide molecule with the sequence PALPEDGGSGAFPPGHFKDPKRLY.

Brain Derived Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor (102-111) is a polypeptide molecule with the sequence HAEKHWFVGL.

Hemopressin (rat) acetate is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB2 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin exerts antinocicep

Mouse Brain Natriuretic Peptide-45 (BNP-45, mouse) is a circulating variant of the mouse brain natriuretic peptide derived from the mouse heart. It exhibits powerful hypotensive and natriuretic properties.

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide (35-55), mouse, rat (MOG (35-55)) is a minor component of the central nervous system myelin that induces potent T-cell and B-cell responses, is highly brain-derived and immunogenic, and causes a relapsing-remitting neurological disease with widespread plaque-like demyelination. [1]

LQVTDSGLYRCVIYHPP (LP17) is a peptide and TREM-1 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 1) inhibitor derived from a highly conserved sequence between the extracellular structural domains of mouse and human TREM-1 and TLT-1.LP17 inhibits TREM-1 activation through a decoy receptor LP17 inhibits TREM-1 activation by actin through a decoy receptor mechanism, which has the advantage of penetrating the brain barrier and attenuating neuronal damage and inflammatory responses.

γ-Fibrinogen377-395 TFA is an inhibitory peptide derived from fibrinogen, which also functions as a fibrinogen epitope. It effectively blocks microglial activation and impedes fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro. Additionally, it exhibits in vivo efficacy by suppressing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. This compound has applications in researching multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroinflammatory diseases linked to blood-brain barrier disruption and microglial activation [1].

γ-Fibrinogen377-395 is a peptide derived from fibrinogen, functioning both as an inhibitory molecule and an epitope. It inhibits microglial activation, disrupts fibrin-Mac-1 interactions in vitro, and mitigates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in murine models in vivo. This compound is relevant for research into multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neuroinflammatory disorders characterized by blood-brain barrier compromise and microglial activation [1].

Peptide F (bovine) is a bovine-derived proenkephalin peptide F identified in the brain and adrenal medulla. It is implicated in the enkephalinergic system's role in pain transmission [1].

PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, effectively enhances antral motility and somatostatin secretion, while concurrently suppressing gastrin secretion and promoting the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin-releasing peptide, and substance P. Additionally, it amplifies N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression via RACK1 [1] [2].

PACAP (1-38) free acid, an endogenous neuropeptide, potently modulates gastrointestinal and neuroendocrine functions. It enhances antral motility, increases somatostatin secretion, and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide, and substance P, while concurrently inhibiting gastrin secretion. Additionally, it augments N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression via RACK1 [1] [2].

Trofinetide, derived from the neuroprotective tripeptide Gly-Pro-Glu (an N-terminal sequence of insulin-like growth factor-1, IGF-1), shows promise in various neuroprotective models. At a concentration of 10 nM, it mitigates cell death in primary rat embryonic striatal neurons caused by okadaic acid. Additionally, Trofinetide reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and E-selectin) in a rat model simulating neuroinflammation from penetrating ballistic-like brain injuries. In cases of brain injury induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), administration of Trofinetide at 30 and 60 mg kg reduces the area of cortical and striatal infarct. Furthermore, a daily dose of 100 mg kg reverses social recognition and contextual fear conditioning deficits, diminishes the number of dendritic spines, and decreases testicular weight gain in an fmr1- - knockout mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Trofinetide formulations have been employed in treating Rett syndrome, highlighting its versatility across various neurological conditions.

Rabies Virus Glycoprotein (TFA), a 29-amino acid-derived cell-penetrating peptide from the Rabies Virus Glycoprotein, can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and enter brain cells.

Hemopressin (human, mouse) acetate is a nonapeptide derived from the α1-chain of hemoglobin, is originally isolated from rat brain homogenates. Hemopressin is orally active, selective and inverse agonist of CB1 cannabinoid receptors. Hemopressin exerts an