b-estradiol

Estradiol (E2) is a naturally occurring steroidal sex hormone that is essential for female fertility and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ).

Estradiol (β-Estradiol) hemihydrate, a key female sex hormone and steroid, plays a significant role in up-regulating neural markers in human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and facilitating their neural differentiation. It is also utilized in research focused on cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and neural tissue engineering.

β-Estradiol 17-acetate (1,3,5(10)-Estratriene-3,17β-diol 17-acetate) is a metabolite of estradiol.

Estradiol dipropionate (17-Beta-Estradiol-3,17-Dipropionate) is a synthetic ester, specifically the 3, 17-dipropanoyl ester, of the natural estrogen, estradiol.

beta-Estradiol 17-hemisuccinate selectively stains estrogen receptor (ER)-rich cells.

β-Estradiol-6-CMO-PEG3-biotin serves as a cleavable 3-unit PEG ADC linker for the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) [1].

β-Estradiol-6-one 6-(O-carboxymethyloxime) is an alkyl chain-based PROTAC linker used for PROTAC synthesis [1].

17β-Estradiol sulfate sodium (17β-Estradiol 3-sulfate sodium) is a neuroactive estrogen with vasoprotective properties that inhibits the growth of Neisseria brasiliensis and disrupts aquatic ecosystems.

Palazestrant (OP-1250) is an orally available and highly potent estrogen receptor antagonist and selective ER degrader with antitumor activity.Palazestrant inhibits 17b-estradiol (E2), inhibits MCF7 and CAMA-1 cell proliferation, and can be used in breast cancer research.

4-Methoxy-17-estradiol is one of the estrogen metabolites and a methylation metabolite of 4-hydroxyestradiol.

Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) (E217G) is an estrogen metabolite formed in the liver and subsequently excreted in bile.1It acts as a substrate of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2; Km= 75 μM), and through MRP2-mediated transport, functions as a cholestatic agent, decreasing bile flow.1,2In addition to binding to the MRP2 transport site, E217G has been shown to bind to an allosteric site that through positive cooperativity activates its own transportviaMRP2 and the transport of other MRP2 substrates, including the non-cholestatic estrogen metabolite, estradiol 3-(β-D-glucuronide) .2,3E217G has also been reported to be transported by MDR1, MRP1, MRP3, MRP4, MRP7, ABCG2 (a breast cancer resistance protein transporter), and the rat organic anion-transporting polypeptides 1-4.2 1.Loe, D.W., Almquist, K.C., Cole, S.P., et al.ATP-dependent 17β-estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) transport by multidrug resistance protein (MRP). Inhibition by cholestatic steroidsThe Journal of Biological Chemisty271(16)9683-9689(1996) 2.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., and Vore, M.Estradiol 3-glucuronide is transported by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 but does not activate the allosteric site bound by estradiol 17-glucuronideDrug Metabolism and Disposition32(10)1139-1145(2004) 3.Gerk, P.M., Li, W., Megaraj, W., et al.Human multidrug resistance protein 2 transports the therapeutic bile salt tauroursodeoxycholateJournal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics320(2)893-899(2007)

17-Epiestriol is an endogenous metabolite of estrone formed via a 16α-hydroxy estrone intermediate followed by reduction of the C-17 ketone, and it binds estrogen receptor α and estrogen receptor β with relative binding affinities of 29 and 80 compared with 17β-estradiol, supporting its relevance in studies of estrogen signaling, metabolism, and receptor selectivity.

Ethynyl estradiol 3-β-D-glucuronide is a metabolite of ethynyl estradiol that can be detected in urine.1,2It is used as a marker of estrogen contamination in fresh and saltwater.2 1.Hadd, H.E., Slikker, W., Jr., and Helton, E.D.The synthesis and characterization of the glucopyranosiduronic acids of 17a-ethynylestradiol-17bJ. Steroid Biochem.13(9)1107-1114(1980) 2.Griffith, D.R., Soule, M.C.K., Eglinton, T.I., et al.Steroidal estrogen sources in a sewage-impacted coastal oceanEnviron. Sci.: Processes Impacts18(8)931-1106(2016)

Stephacidin B is a fungal metabolite that has been found inA. ochraceus.1Dimeric stephacidin B is rapidly converted to a monomer, avrainvillamide ,in vitro.2Stephacidin B is cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cells, including testosterone-independent PC3 and -sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells (IC50s = 0.37 and 0.06 μM, respectively) and estradiol-independent SK-BR-3 and -sensitive MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC50s = 0.32 and 0.27 μM, respectively).1It induces apoptosis in HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells when used at a concentration of 4 μM.3 1.Qian-Cutrone, J., Huang, S., Shu, Y.-Z., et al.Stephacidin A and B: Two structurally novel, selective inhibitors of the testosterone-dependent prostate LNCaP cellsJ. Am. Chem. Soc.124(49)14556-14557(2002) 2.Wulff, J.E., Herzon, S.B., Siegrist, R., et al.Evidence for the rapid conversion of stephacidin B into the electrophilic monomer avrainvillamide in cell cultureJ. Am. Chem. Soc.129(16)4898-4899(2007) 3.Hu, L., Zhang, T., Liu, D., et al.Notoamide-type alkaloid induced apoptosis and autophagy via a P38/JNK signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cellsRSC Adv.9(34)19855-19868(2019)

Ethynyl estradiol 3-b-D-glucuronide is a type of biochemical reagent used for glycoscience research. Glycoscience focuses on the structure, synthesis, biology, and evolution of sugars, involving carbohydrate chemistry, glycans formation and degradation enzymology, protein-glycan recognition, and the role of glycans in biological systems. This field is closely related to basic research, biomedical sciences, and biotechnology.