antioxidants

Costunolide (Costus lactone) has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mediates apoptosis.

Cycloolivil is a high-purity biochemical reagent suitable for biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

Tea polyphenol, also called green tea extract, are a mixture of chemical compounds, such as flavanoids and tannins, found naturally in tea. Polyphenols are powerful antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of developing coronary artery disease and a number

3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzoic acid (Gallic acid trimethyl ether) are potent antioxidants and inhibitor of cytokine production. It can ameliorate chronic stress-induced various behavioral and biochemical alterations in mice. It also exerts hepatoprotective effects in CCl4-induced rats, specifically by modulating oxidative-nitrosative stress and inflammation.

DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a cell-permeable, stable free radical commonly used to evaluate the free radical scavenging ability, hydrogen donation capacity of compounds, and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extracts.

Anserine (L-Anserine) is a dipeptide containing β-alanine and histidine, which can be found in the skeletal muscle and brain of mammals and birds. Anserine is not cleaved by serum carnosinase and act as biochemical buffers, chelators, antioxidants, and anti-glycation agents. Anserine improves memory functions in Alzheimer's disease (AD)-model mice.

Hydroxytyrosol (2-(3,4-Di-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol) is an active ingredient extracted from the olive. It is one of the most efficient and secure antioxidants and can be used in the cardiovascular drugs.

Ethyl gallate (gallic acid ethyl ester) obviously decreases cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, exhibits cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Ethyl gallate can inhibit the abilities of invasion of breast cancer in vitro by inhibiting the mRNA levels of MMP-9/MMP-2, phosphorylation of Akt and protein expression of NF-κB and inhibits hydrogen peroxide signaling, may represent an alternative class of vasopressors for use in septic shock. Also, Ethyl gallate suppresses proliferation and invasion in human breast cancer cells by modulating the PI3K/Akt pathway, which may contribute to inhibiting their downstream targets such as NF-κB p-65, Bcl-2/Bax, and mRNA levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in breast cancer cells, could be used as potential antioxidants with safe therapeutic application in cancer chemotherapy.

Dilauryl Thiodipropionate is an agent of antioxidants.

1-(1(Z)-Hexadecenyl)-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine is a plasmalogen characterized by the presence of 1(Z)-hexadecenoic acid and linoleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively. It counteracts lead-induced reductions in cell viability and suppresses increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized phospholipids in HepG2 hepatocytes. In dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease, serum levels of this compound decrease when their diet is enriched with medium chain triglycerides, fish oil, carnitine precursors, magnesium, and antioxidants.

Myrtenal is a natural monoterpene. It is found to attenuate diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by stabilizing intrinsic antioxidants and modulating apoptotic and anti-apoptotic cascades. Myrtenal also inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Kuromanin chloride (Chrysontemin chloride) is potent antioxidants and free radical scavengers, may act as modulators of gene regulation and signal transduction pathways.

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (LGM2605) was cytoprotective in an in vitro model of iron overload-induced redox-inflammatory damage. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (25 mg/kg b.w.) exerts the antihyperglycemic effect by preventing the liver from peroxidation damage through inhibition of ROS level mediated increased level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.

PBD-BODIPY is a probe for the spectrophotometric measurement of autoxidation reactions. Co-autoxidation of the PBD-BODIPY signal carrier and a hydrocarbon co-substrate can be quantified by monitoring the loss of absorbance at 591 nm. PBD-BODIPY has been used to measure the activity of radical-trapping antioxidants in cell-free assays and as a fluorescent probe for the detection of epoxidation activity.

AAPH is a water-soluble azo compound which is used extensively as a free radical generator, often in the study of lipid peroxidation and the characterization of antioxidants.[1],[2],[3],[4] Decomposition of AAPH produces molecular nitrogen and 2 carbon radicals. The carbon radicals may combine to produce stable products or react with molecular oxygen to give peroxyl radicals. The half-life of AAPH is about 175 hours (37°C at neutral pH), making the rate of free radical generation essentially constant during the first several hours in solution.[5] While AAPH may be used effectively for lipid peroxidation in aqueous dispersions of fatty acids, other radical generators may be better suited for peroxidation studies in lipid micelles or membranes.[6],[7]

DTUN is a lipophilic hyponitrite radical initiator that efficiently initiates lipid peroxidation. It serves as a specialized tool for ferroptosis research. By generating active free radicals within lipophilic environments, DTUN triggers the chain oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes, thereby inducing the ferroptotic process. Unlike enzyme-inhibiting inducers, DTUN acts as a direct source of oxidative stress and is frequently used to evaluate the protective efficacy of antioxidants, such as hydropersulfides, against oxidative damage.

1. Tiliroside (Tribuloside) shows anticarcinogenic activity. 2. Tiliroside shows hepatoprotective activity. 3. Tiliroside shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, can inhibit neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders. 4. Tiliroside has anti-diabetic effect, are at least partially mediated through inhibitory effects on carbohydrate digestion and glucose uptake in the gastrointestinal tract. 5. Tiliroside and gnaphaliin are antioxidants against in vitro Cu(2+)-induced LDL oxidation in the same order of magnitude compared to that of the reference drug, probucol. 6. Tiliroside enhances fatty acid oxidation via the enhancement adiponectin signaling associated with the activation of both AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic disorders.

Shinorine, a mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA), is a small molecule sunscreen produced in some bacteria. Shinorine ameliorates chromium induced toxicity in zebrafish hepatocytes through the facultative activation of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE pathway. Shinorine is also an analogue of porphyra-344. Both porphyra-334 and shinorine are antioxidants and direct antagonists of Keap1-Nrf2 binding. Shinorine may be a useful agent to prevent or retard the progression of multiple degenerative disorders of ageing. Shinorine is a demethyl-analog of Porphyra 334.

MAGL-IN-11 (compound 29) is a selective, reversible inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) with potential applications in inflammation, cancer, and antioxidant research [1].

1. Homogentisic acid (2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) shows interesting antioxidant and antiradical activities, and protective effect against thermal-cholesterol degradation, comparable to those of well known antioxidants. 2. Homogentisic acid is the primary precursor of melanin synthesis in Vibrio cholerae, a Hyphomonas strain, and Shewanella colwelliana. 3. A derivative of homogentisic acid which inhibits Pfnek-1 with an IC(5) around 1.8 muM, this product is moderately active in vitro against a FcB1 P. falciparum strain (IC(5) = 12 muM).

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol-D19 is the deuterated form of 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (T9600) (2,4-DTBP) is an orally active RXRα activator with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, capable of inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. It activates the RXRα subtype in LXRα/RXRα, PPARγ/RXRα, and hormone receptor β/RXRα. Additionally, it exhibits antiviral and antifungal activities and may inhibit Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (T9600) serves as an intermediate in the production of antioxidants and UV stabilizers and is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and fragrances.

Tiliroside (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Tiliroside. 1. Tiliroside (Tribuloside) shows anticarcinogenic activity. 2. Tiliroside shows hepatoprotective activity. 3. Tiliroside shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, can inhibit neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders. 4. Tiliroside has anti-diabetic effect, are at least partially mediated through inhibitory effects on carbohydrate digestion and glucose uptake in the gastrointestinal tract. 5. Tiliroside and gnaphaliin are antioxidants against in vitro Cu(2+)-induced LDL oxidation in the same order of magnitude compared to that of the reference drug, probucol. 6. Tiliroside enhances fatty acid oxidation via the enhancement adiponectin signaling associated with the activation of both AMP-activated protein kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and ameliorates obesity-induced metabolic disorders.

Tea polyphenol (Standard) is the standard substance of Tea polyphenol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Tea polyphenol, also called green tea extract, are a mixture of chemical compounds, such as flavanoids and tannins, found naturally in tea. Polyphenols are powerful antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of developing coronary artery disease and a number

Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (LGM2605) was cytoprotective in an in vitro model of iron overload-induced redox-inflammatory damage. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (25 mg/kg b.w.) exerts the antihyperglycemic effect by preventing the liver from peroxidation damage through inhibition of ROS level mediated increased level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants.