Cellulose

Cellulose can be used as an excipient. Pharmaceutical excipients, or pharmaceutical auxiliaries, refer to other chemical substances used in the pharmaceutical process other than pharmaceutical ingredients. Pharmaceutical excipients generally refer to inactive ingredients in pharmaceutical preparations, which can improve the stability, solubility and processability of pharmaceutical preparations. Pharmaceutical excipients also affect the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) processes of co-administered drugs [1] .

Methylcellulose is not toxic. Methylcellulose is a natural polymer which gels on heating.

Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) is a derivative of cellulose with both water solubility and organic solubility, it is used as food additive and sieving matrix for DNA separations.

Potassium clavulanate cellulose is a mixture of potassium clavulanate and cellulose, is an inhibitor of beta-lactamase.

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose) is a nonionic water-soluble modified cellulose polymer used as a thickener in water-soluble cosmetics and personal care formulations.

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) (Viscosity:800-1200 mPa.s) is a water-soluble cellulose, commonly used as a co-solvent in animal experiments, and is essentially non-toxic to animals.

Hypromellose (HPMC) is a water-soluble hydrophilic, non-ionic cellulose ether.

Levulinic acid (4-Oxovaleric acid), derived from the degradation of cellulose, is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.

JG-2016, as a small molecule histone acetyltransferase 1 (HAT1) inhibitor, inhibits the growth of human cancer cell lines, inhibits enzyme activity in cellulose, and interferes with tumor growth.

Acetylsulfamerazine (N-Acetylsulfamerazine) is a secondary metabolite of sulphamethazine, which has a slight inhibitory effect on cellulose digestion and rumen endocrine activity, and has anti-microbial activity.

D-(+)-Cellotetraose, also known as Cellotetraose, is a primary hydrolysis product of cellulose [1].

C.I. Vat Yellow 4 is a viscous orange liquid. Used for coloring of cotton, wool and cellulose acetate.

Cellopentaose is a cellulose-derived penta-oligosaccharide [1].

Cellohexaose, a glucose polymer, is derived from the breakdown of cellulose and comprises a condensation of beta (1-4) linked D-glucose monomers, containing two or more glucose units [1].

Acetobixan is a cellulose synthesis inhibitor.

β-Glucosidase, a pivotal enzyme in cellulose degradation, belongs to the extensive family of glycoside hydrolases. It plays a crucial role in breaking down cellulose in soils and holds promise for assessing biological soil quality [1] [2] [3].

Cys-pexiganan, a derivative of pexiganan with an added N-terminal cysteine, is an antimicrobial peptide effective against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 64 and 16 µg/ml, respectively. Its conjugation to cellulose acetate-incorporated polyvinyl alcohol electrospun mats enhances the clotting of isolated recalcified human plasma.

Levulinic-d5 Acid is a deuterated compound of Levulinic Acid. Levulinic Acid has a CAS number of 123-76-2. Levulinic acid, derived from the degradation of cellulose, is a precursor for the synthesis of biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.

CESTRIN is a cellulose synthase trafficking probe that acts by inhibiting cellulose deposition and interferes with the trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes and their associated proteins KORRIGAN1 and POM2/CSI1.

Cellulase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of certain linkages in cellulose.

Levoglucosan (1,6-anhydro-b-D-Glucose) is an anhydrohexose that is the 1,6-anhydro-derivative of beta-D-glucopyranose. It is formed from the pyrolysis of carbohydrates, such as starch and cellulose. Levoglucosan can also be utilized in the synthesis of chiral polymers such as unhydrolysable glucose polymers. Levoglucosan is also produced via caramelization of sugar. Consumption of caramel or caramel-containing sweets can lead to a short-term 5X increase in urinary levels of levoglucosan (from 20 uM/mM creatinine to 100 uM/mM creatinine).

Xylotetraose is a hydrolysis product of Xylan. Xylan is a polysaccharide made from units of xylose and contains predominantly β-D-xylose units linked as in cellulose.

Xylan represents the main hemicellulose component in the secondary plant cell walls of flowering plants.