teratogenic

oxepinac is an effective and well-tolerated compound for the treatment of painful osteoarthritis. oxepinac has no teratogenic effect on mouse and rabbit fetuses in animal experiments.

Thalidomide (Thalomid) is a synthetic derivative of glutamic acid (alpha-phthalimido-glutarimide) with teratogenic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties.

Macrozamin has carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and neurotoxic properties.Macrozamin is a natural product isolated from Cycads.

N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) is a DNA alkylating agent. It induces leukemia by alkylating nucleobases, thereby damaging DNA, which leads to bone marrow suppression and the development of leukemia cells. ENU is teratogenic in vivo, causing tumor formation and foot malformations in pregnant rats. Additionally, it can result in central nervous system (CNS) tumors and genetic disorders.

Valproic acid hydroxamate (VPA-HA) exhibits anticonvulsant activity in a mouse model of neural tube defects and lacks teratogenic activity.

Amidantel hydrochloride is a new aminophenylamidine with an interesting anthelminthic spectrum. In rodents the compound is active against nematodes, filariae and cestodes. Of special interest is the high efficacy in dogs against hookworms and large roundw

Amidantel free base is a new aminophenylamidine with an interesting anthelminthic spectrum. In rodents the compound is active against nematodes, filariae and cestodes. Of special interest is the high efficacy in dogs against hookworms and large roundworms

The biological activity of Jervine (Jerwiny) is mediated via its interaction with the 7 passes transmembrane protein Smoothened. Jervine binds with and inhibits smoothened, which is an integral part of the Hedgehog signaling pathways. With smoothened inhibited, the GLI1 transcription cannot be activated and Hedgehog target genes cannot be transcribed.

Cycloposine, a steroidal alkaloid present in the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum californicum, is known to possess teratogenic properties.

2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)phthalimidine (EM-12 (2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)phthalimidine)) is a teratogenic Thalidomide analogue that is more active and significantly more stable against hydrolysis than Thalidomide, enhancing 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon adenocarcinomas [1] [2].

Dihexyl carbonate is a pharmaceutical intermediate with teratogenic properties and is used as a solvent for resins, oils and nitrocellulose.

SRI 6409-94, a teratogenic analogue of Ro 13-6298, is orally active and utilized as a molecular tool to investigate the impact of retinol's three-dimensional configuration on teratogenic activity [1] [2].

Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, a non-proteinogenic amino acid homologue of proline found in common [beets], can be misincorporated into proteins in place of proline in various species, including humans, and is both toxic and teratogenic.

AGN 193109 is a potent antagonist of retinoic acid receptors (RARs; Kd= 2, 2, and 3 nM for RARα, β, and γ, respectively), exhibiting selectivity for RARs over retinoid X receptors (RXRs; Kd= >10,000 nM for human RXRα, β, and γ receptors). This compound effectively reverses cellular morphology changes and growth suppression induced by RAR agonists such as all-trans-RA, 13-cis-RA, and 9-cis-RA in ECE16-1 human endometrial ectocervical epithelial cells, particularly when used at a 10-fold molar excess. Furthermore, AGN 193109 downregulates the expression of cytokeratin K5-8, 13, 14, 16, 17, and 19 genes, indicating inhibition of retinoid action, specifically when co-administered with TTNPB but not as a standalone treatment. In vivo studies demonstrate teratogenic effects, including cleft palate, frontonasal dysplasia, and eye malformations in mouse fetuses following a single oral dose of 1 mg kg.

Aflatoxin G1 is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, which is hepatotoxic, teratogenic, immunosuppressive, and carcinogenic, and is mainly found in contaminated cereals. Aflatoxin G1 inhibits RNA polymerase activity, affects RNA and protein synthesis, and causes damage to the liver and kidney.

Anagyrine, is the responsible teratogen from teratogenic lupins, can produce congenital deformities in calves typical of crooked calf disease; it also can induce red cell aplasia, vascular anomaly, and skeletal dysplasia.(-)-Anagyrine and (-)--Methylcytisine have nematicidal activities against Pine Wood Nematodes.

Jaconine, jacoline,jacobine, and jacozine, the hepatotoxic alkaloids, are potentially carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic and may pose health hazards to the human consumer.