β-carotene

β-Carotene (Provitamin A) is a naturally-occurring retinol (vitamin A) precursor obtained from certain fruits and vegetables with potential antineoplastic and chemopreventive activities. As an anti-oxidant, beta carotene inhibits free-radical damage to DNA.

β-Cyclocitral belongs to the class of organic compounds.

9-cis-β-Carotene, a precursor of retinal, is cleaved by beta-carotene oxygenase 1 (BCMO1) to produce 9-cis-retinal, which inhibits photoreceptor degeneration and restores retinal function in vivo.

β-Carotene-13C10 is a form of β-Carotene (T1633) labeled with 13C. It is a carotenoid compound and serves as a natural precursor to vitamin A. This compound acts as a regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS), exhibiting both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Depending on its intrinsic characteristics and the redox potential of the biological environment, β-Carotene (T1633) can function either as an antioxidant or a pro-oxidant. It also possesses anticancer activity, inducing apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

β-Carotene 5,6-epoxide (Standard) is a reference standard of β-Carotene 5,6-epoxide intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications.

β-Carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide acts as an XIAP antagonist with pro-apoptotic (Apoptosis) and anti-tumor properties, found in the leaves of Spondias mombin. In rat models of DMBA-induced breast cancer, it induces tumor cell apoptosis by binding to the BIR3 domain of the XIAP protein, thereby inhibiting its interaction with caspase-9. Additionally, β-carotene-15,15ʹ-epoxide significantly reduces BCL-2, COX-2, and TNF-α expression in tumor tissue, decreases MDA levels, enhances catalase activity, and modulates biochemical markers in serum such as LDH, ALP, and ALT, indicating its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic protective effects. This compound is useful for researching inflammation-related diseases and tumors such as breast cancer.

β-Carotene 5,6-epoxide is a carotenoid and a degradation product of β-carotene. It is found in isolated chloroplasts. Carotenoids have significant bioactive properties and may play roles in regulating cell differentiation, growth control, photoprotection, membrane stability, photosynthesis, vision processes, and nutrition.

γ-Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving γ-Carotene. γ-Carotene is a naturally occurring pigment belonging to the class of carotenoids, predominantly found in certain plants.

ζ-Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard of ζ-Carotene intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications.

ζ-Carotene is a type of carotenoid that serves as a crucial intermediate in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway. Carotenoids possess significant biological activity and may play roles in regulating cell differentiation, controlling growth, offering photoprotection, maintaining cell membrane stability, contributing to photosynthesis, supporting visual processes, and providing nutritional benefits.

4,4'-Diapo-ω,ω-carotene-4,4'-dial is a type of carotenoid pigment. Carotenoids play significant roles in biological activities, potentially influencing cell differentiation, growth regulation, photoprotection, membrane stability, photosynthesis, vision, and nutrition.

(6R)-δ-Carotene is a type of carotenoid found in grapefruit juice. Carotenoids are significant for their biological activity and may play a role in regulating cell differentiation, growth control, photoprotection, membrane stability, photosynthesis, visual processes, and nutrition.

(rac)-α-Carotene is the racemate of α-Carotene. As a carotenoid and potent antioxidant, α-Carotene has been associated inversely with the risk of mortality from all causes, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other non-cardiovascular and non-cancer causes.

β-Carotene (Standard) is the reference standard of β-carotene, applicable to quantitative analysis, quality control, biochemical experiments, and related research. As a carotenoid, β-carotene is a natural precursor of vitamin A and acts as a reactive oxygen species modulator with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Its antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects depend on its intrinsic properties and the redox status of the biological microenvironment. In addition, β-carotene can induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells and shows certain antitumor activity.

(13Z)-β-Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard of (13Z)-β-Carotene intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications.

(9Z)-Canthaxanthin ((9Z)-β,β-Carotene-4,4’-Dione) (Standard) is a reference standard of (9Z)-Canthaxanthin ((9Z)-β,β-Carotene-4,4’-Dione) intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications.

γ-Carotene is a naturally occurring pigment belonging to the class of carotenoids, predominantly found in certain plants.

Astaxanthin (trans-Astaxanthin) is a keto-carotenoid in the terpenes class of chemical compounds. It is classified as a xanthophyll but it is a carotenoid with no vitamin A activity. It is present in most red-colored aquatic organisms. Astaxanthin has shown to mediate anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. It may be found in fish feed or some animal food as a color additive.

Lycopene (ψ,ψ-Carotene) is a linear, unsaturated hydrocarbon carotenoid, the major red pigment in fruits such as tomatoes, pink grapefruit, apricots, red oranges, watermelon, rosehips, and guava. As a class, carotenoids are pigment compounds found in photosynthetic organisms (plants, algae, and some types of fungus), and are chemically characterized by a large polyene chain containing 35-40 carbon atoms; some carotenoid polyene chains are terminated by two 6-carbon rings. In animals, carotenoids such as lycopene may possess antioxidant properties which may retard aging and many degenerative diseases. As an essential nutrient, lycopene is required in the animal diet.

Anhydrolutein I is a dehydrated derivative of Lutein. It can be isolated from extracts of boiled sorrel.

α-Carotene is a natural carotenoid and precursor to vitamin A, exhibiting antioxidant and potential anti-cancer properties; high dietary intake of α-carotene may reduce prostate cancer risk.

α-Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving α-Carotene. α-Carotene is a natural carotenoid and precursor to vitamin A, exhibiting antioxidant and potential anti-cancer properties; high dietary intake of α-carotene may reduce prostate cancer risk.

ε-Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving ε-Carotene. ε-Carotene is a reagent used in biochemical reactions.

(rac.)‐δ‐Carotene (Standard) is a reference standard of (rac.)‐δ‐Carotene intended for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related biochemical research applications.