Sparstolonin B, a selective TLR2 and TLR4 antagonist, is an isocoumarin compound isolated from the tubers of Sparganium stoloniferum and Scirpus yagara with anti-HIV, anticancer, antitumour and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibits selective Toll-like receptors, inhibits free fatty acids It inhibits selective Toll-like receptors, inhibits free fatty acid palmitate-induced chondrocyte inflammation and attenuates post-traumatic arthritis in obese mice, and inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which can be used for validation and mammary carcinoma studies.
Isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside (Isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-Glucoside) inhibits the activity of alpha-glucosidase from rat intestine; it exhibits a potent rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibition in vitro, its IC(50) being 1.4 microM and has inhibitory effects of sorbitol accumulation, suggests that it is a leading compound for further study as a new drug for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes and its complications.
Typhaneoside (Aervitrin) is a flavonoid glycoside plant extract with potential ability to treat primary dysmenorrhea through the Shaofu Zhuyu decoction.
Isorhamnetin 3-O-galactoside is a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Oenanthe javanica that exhibits potent antithrombotic and profibrinolytic activities by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa functions, reducing the maximal rate of thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization, suppressing TNF-α-induced PAI-1 secretion, lowering the PAI-1/t-PA ratio, and inhibiting FXa production and FVa/FXa-mediated thrombin generation, while also exerting hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice, enabling its use in research on thrombotic vascular disorders and hepatic disease.