vgscs

VGSCs-IN-1 is a potent VGSC inhibitor, a 2-piperazine analog of Riluzole that exhibits good blocking activity on Nav1.4.VGSCs-IN-1 can be used to study cellular excitability disorders.

Phenytoin sodium (Diphantoine) is an inactive stabilizer for voltage-gated sodium channel .

Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) is a hydantoin derivative and a non-sedative antiepileptic agent with anticonvulsant activity. It potentially acts by promoting sodium efflux from neurons in the motor cortex, reducing post-tetanic potentiation at synapses. This prevents cortical seizure foci from spreading to adjacent areas and stabilizes the threshold against hyperexcitability. Additionally, it appears to reduce muscle spindle sensitivity to stretch, causing muscle relaxation.

μ-Conotoxin KIIIA, an analgesic compound derived from Conus kinoshitai, selectively inhibits mammalian neuronal voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) (Nav1.2), offering potential utility in pain research [1] [2].