sleeping

Fexinidazole (HOE 239) is an antiparasitic agent with activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Tritrichomonas foetus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma brucei, and Leishmania donovani. The biologically relevant active metabolites in vivo are the sulfoxide and sulfone.

Apigenin (NSC 83244) is an aromatic oil extracted from the flowers or leaves of the daisy-like plants. Extracts, oils and teas made from chamomile are used for its soothing qualities as a sedative, mild analgesic and sleep medication. Apigenin has not been implicated in causing serum enzyme elevations or clinically apparent liver injury.

Eflornithine (DFMO) is a selective and orally available ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor that delays hair overgrowth.Eflornithine is used in the study of African trypanosomiasis, malignant glioma, and sleeping sickness.

Pafuramidine (DB289) is an experimental prodrug of the orally active metabolite DB75, a potent antiparasitic compound with anti-malarial activity used in the study of parasitic infections and sleeping sickness.

Megazol is a nitroimidazole based drug that cures some protozoan infections. A study of nitroimidazoles found the drug extremely effective against T. cruzi and T. brucei which cause Chagas disease and African sleeping sickness, respectively.

O-11 is an analog of the fully saturated, 14-carbon fatty acid myristic acid, in which the methylene group at position 11 is replaced with oxygen. It is highly effective and selective at killingTrypanosoma brucei, the protozoan parasite responsible for African sleeping sickness, exhibiting an LD50of less than 1 μM in a cell culture assay.1,2The toxic effects of O-11 appear to be caused by its ability to inhibit the incorporation of a single myristate into the GPI anchor of the variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), a protein critical for evading the host immune response.1O-11 exhibits essentially no anti-fungal activity when assayed usingC. neoformans, but does have a minor inhibitory effect on HIV-1 replication in T-lymphocytes.3 1.Doering, T.L., Raper, J., Buxbaum, L.U., et al.An analog of myristic acid with selective toxicity for African trypanosomesScience2521851-1854(1991) 2.Doering, T.L., Lu, T., Werbovetz, K.A., et al.Toxicity of myristic acid analogs toward African trypanosomesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America919735-9739(1994) 3.Langner, C.A., Lodge, J.K., Travis, S.J., et al.4-Oxatetradecanoic acid is fungicidal for Cryptococcus neoformans and inhibits replication of human immunodeficiency virus IThe Journal of Biological Chemisty267(24)17159-17169(1992)

NEU-1953 is a potential candidate for sleeping sickness.

5-Hydroxytryptophol is a metabolite of tryptophan. It is used as a biomarker for recent alcohol consumption and causes sleeping sickness

Mesuaxanthone A and mesuaxanthone B are two yellow pigments.They produce varying degrees of C.N.S. depression characterised by ptosis, sedation, decreased spontaneous motor activity, loss of muscle tone, potentiation of pentobarbitone sleeping time and et