d-lactose

D-Lactose monohydrate is a type of lactose comprised of D-galactose and D-glucose. This compound can be utilized as a sweetener or excipient.

IPTG (Isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside) is an unmetabolizable galactose analogue. IPTG can cause the transcriptional process of the lactose operon, and thus can induce the expression of the corresponding proteins of the downstream genes of the lactose operon.

Lactose-3'-sulfate (4-O-(3-O-Sulfo-β-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-glucose) is a biochemical reagent used in glycoscience research, which studies the structure, synthesis, biology, and evolution of sugars. This field covers carbohydrate chemistry, glycan formation and degradation enzymology, protein-glycan recognition, and the role of glycans in biological systems, and is closely linked to fundamental research, biomedicine, and biotechnology.