cortex

γ-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutyric acid) is the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Deserpidine (Harmonyl) is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is an ester alkaloid drug isolated from Rauwolfia canescens (family Apocynaceae) with antipsychotic and antihypertensive properties that has been used for the control of high blood pressure and for the relief of psychotic behavior.Deserpidine's mechanism of action is through inhibition of the ATP/Mg2+ pump responsible for the sequestering of neurotransmitters into storage vesicles located in the presynaptic neuron. Deserpidine is a competitive angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Deserpidine also decreases angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex.

Deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, possessing mineralocorticoid activity and serving as a precursor to aldosterone. As an agonist of the mineralocorticoid receptor, DOCA can induce severe kidney damage, including inflammation, fibrosis, glomerular injury, and proteinuria. It is commonly used to establish animal models of chronic kidney injury and hypertension.

Cortodoxone (11-Desoxycortisol) is a glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cortisol in the adrenal gland.

Dihydro-N-Caffeoyltyramine is a compound extracted from Lycii Cortex that has antioxidant and antifungal activities and can be used to study fungal infections.

Adrenosterone (11-ketoandrostenedione) is a steroid hormone isolated from the adrenal cortex.

trans-Urocanic Acid ((E)-Urocanic acid), a compound predominantly distributed in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, is an isomer of cis-UCA, an epidermal UV-protectant, which enhances the stability of tenofovir eplerenomide in long-acting HIV applications. trans-Urocanic acid potently modulates immune trans-urocanic acid effectively modulates immune function, inhibits human natural killer cell activity in vitro, and can be used in Alzheimer's disease research.

(R)-5-Oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (D-Pyroglutamic acid) is a cyclic derivative of glutamic acid, physiologically present in mammalian tissues. It releases GABA from the cerebral cortex and exhibits anti-anxiety effects in a simple approach-avoidance conflict situation in rats. In clinical pharmacology experiments, it significantly shortens the plasma half-life of ethanol during acute intoxication.

Reptoside, which can be extracted from the roots and above-ground parts of Cortex Eucommiae and Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb, is one of the active cyclic enol ether terpene glycosides of Cortex Eucommiae for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Aldosterone, the primary mineralocorticoid, is synthesized and secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex in response to activation of the renin-angiotensin system or high dietary potassium.

Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) is a triterpenoid isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd that inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly improve the responsiveness of the cholinergic system, such as decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can also inhibit IL-1β-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in chondrocytes, and is used in osteoarthritis (OA) related research.

Rosarin has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Rosarin supresses the expression of the proinflammatory factors iNOS, IL-1 β, and TNF- α in the kidney and prefrontal cortex of brain in mice .

Polygalaxanthone XI is an xanthone glycoside isolated from the cortex of Polygala tenuifolia, which can be used in studies of expectorants and to promote psychostability.

Kukoamine B, as a constituent of Lycii Cortex, exhibits anti-acute inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic characteristics.

Thymopentin acetate, primarily secreted by the epithelial cells of the thymic cortex and medulla, serves as an effective immunomodulatory agent. It possesses a short plasma half-life of 30 seconds and significantly enhances the generation of T-cell lineage from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) [1] [2].

7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an alkaloid that functions as a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.80 μM and also serves as an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. This compound reduces Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice [1] [2] [3].

Vicine is an xanthone glycoside isolated from the cortex of Polygala tenuifolia, which can be used in studies of expectorants and to promote psychostability.

1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-Imino-D-Arabinitol Hydrochloride is a naturally occurring, polyhydroxylated pyrrolidine alkaloid that has been isolated and characterized from various plant species, including Arachniodes standishii and Angylocalyx boutiqueanus, 1,4-Dideoxy-1,4-Imino-D-Arabinitol Hydrochloride functions as a potent inhibitor of certain glycosidase enzymes due to its structural mimicry of monosaccharide substrates.

Vicine (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Vicine. Polygalaxanthone XI is an xanthone glycoside isolated from the cortex of Polygala tenuifolia, which can be used in studies of expectorants and to promote psychostability.

KukoaMine B (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving KukoaMine B. Kukoamine B, as a constituent of Lycii Cortex, exhibits anti-acute inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic characteristics.

Hydrocortisone (Standard) is a reference standard for hydrocortisone, suitable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and biochemical experiments. Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a glucocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that activates glucocorticoid receptors.

Rosarin (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Rosarin. Rosarin has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Rosarin supresses the expression of the proinflammatory factors iNOS, IL-1 β, and TNF- α in the kidney and prefrontal cortex of brain in mice .

Pseudolaric acid A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Pseudolaric acid A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. Pseudolaric acid A-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Pseudolaric acid A-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) is a natural product with antibacterial, anticancer

Polygalacic acid (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Polygalacic acid. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) is a triterpenoid isolated from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd that inhibits MMP expression. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can significantly improve the responsiveness of the cholinergic system, such as decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, increased choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, and increased acetylcholine (ACh) levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Polygalacic acid (Virgaureagenin G) can also inhibit IL-1β-induced Wnt/β-catenin activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in chondrocytes, and is used in osteoarthritis (OA) related research.