Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a natural phorbol ester that acts as an activator of PKC, SphK, and NF-κB, and is commonly used to induce differentiation of THP-1 cells and establish dermatitis models.

Ingenol-3,4,5,20-diacetonide, a natural product isolated from the sap of the Euphorbia plant, exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronide (Kaempferol-3-beta-O-glucuronide) exhibits antioxidant activity. Flavonoid glucuronides can be deconjugated by microsomal α²-glucuronidase from various human cells.

Ingenol mebutate (Ingenol 3-Angelate) is a potent activator of PKC subtypes including PKC-α, PKC-β, PKC-γ, PKC-δ, and PKC-ε with Kis of 0.3, 0.105, 0.162, 0.376, and 0.171 nM. Ingenol mebutate exhibits antiinflammatory and antitumor activity.

Euphol, an alcohol tetracyclic triterpene, has a wide range of pharmacological properties and is considered to have anti-inflammatory action.

1. Ingenol ((-)-Ingenol) mebutate is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis. 2. Formulating novel derivatives from Ingenol esters may be an innovative approach to develop new lead compounds to reactivate latent HIV. 3. Ingenol is a weak PKC activator and possesses important anticancer activity.

Epitaraxerol (Isotaraxerol) is an antifungal natural product with moderate antibacterial activity against Candida albicans.

Kansuinine A possesses analgesic props, it also shows NGF inducing activity.

(E)-Ferulic acid ((E)-Coniferic acid) causes the phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in proteasomal degradation of β-catenin and increases the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and decreases the expression of pro-survival factor survivin.t(E)-Ferulic acid exert both anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299.

Euphorbia Factor L2 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury and inflammation through inhibits NF-κB activation.

γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine consists of γ-glutamate and alanine, and is a substrate for CRF21 (γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase, GGCT), a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins.γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a positive regulator of calcium-sensitive receptor (CaR) function.

Ingenol-5,20-acetonide-3-O-angelate (Ingenol 5,20-acetonide 3-angelate) is a natural product.

Tirucallol is an antiinflammatory agent isolated from Euphorbia lactea.Tirucallol exerts a topical anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, via a mechanism of action related to the neutrophil migration.

Euphorbia factor L8 is a diterpene from Morinda citrifolia seeds.

20-O-Acetylingenol-3-angelate (Euphorbia factor Pe1) is a natural compound found in the leaves and stems of the plant Inga. It has a variety of biological activities including tumor growth inhibition, anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antioxidant effects.

1.Lathyrol diterpenes is a modulator of P-glycoprotein dependent multidrug resistance.

Euphorbia factor L1 (Euphorbiasteroid) can reduce Bcl-2, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR protein and mRNA levels, and up-regulate caspase-9 and caspase-3 protein levels. It induces autophagy and has anti-cancer, anti-adipogenic, anti-osteoclastogenic, and multidrug-resistant regulatory effects.

1. 5,15-Diacetyl-3-benzoyllathyrol (Euphorbia factor L3) is a melanine production inhibitor, excellent in inhibiting pigment stagnation and improving the discoloration of the skin or freckles, has excellent stability.

Euphorbia factor L7a is a diterpene found in the seeds of Morinda citrifolia.

Euphorbia factor L7b,a natural product obtained from the herbs of Euphorbia pekinensis Rupr.

5-hydroxythalidomide is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN3098 and the CAS number is 219916-77-5.

Simiarenone is a natural product of Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae. The catalog number is TN5025 and the CAS number is 2318-78-7. Simiarenone can be used as a reference standard.

Phorbol 13-acetate is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN4768 and the CAS number is 32752-29-7.

Euphohelioscopin A, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), it inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of the myeloid leukemia cell lines THP-1 and HL-60. Euphohelioscopin A has anti-inflammary activity, it exhibits moderate inhibitory activity