isoflurane

Isoflurane (Forane) is a stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic that has been reported to induce caspase-3 activation.

Pancuronium is an aminosteroid antagonist of muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) with an IC50value of 14.8 nM using patch clamp electrophysiology in BOSC23 cells expressing mouse nAChRs.1It acts as a non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent.2Pancuronium enhances anesthesia induced by isoflurane , reducing immobilization with an ED50value of 1.62 μg/kg.3 1.Liu, M., and Dilger, J.P.Site selectivity of competitive antagonists for the mouse adult muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptorMol. Pharmacol.75(1)166-173(2009) 2.Buckett, W.R., Marjoribanks, C.E., Marwick, F.A., et al.The pharmacology of pancuronium bromide (Org.NA97), a new potent steroidal neuromuscular blocking agentBr. J. Pharmacol. Chemother.32(3)671-682(1968) 3.Miyazaki, Y., Sunaga, H., Hobo, S., et al.Pancuronium enhances isoflurane anesthesia in rats via inhibition of cerebral nicotinic acetylcholine receptorsJ. Anesth.30(4)671-676(2016)

Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether is an intermediate compound for Isoflurane, which is a volatile general anesthetic used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. Isoflurane binds to the GABAA receptor, enhancing its effects, and it also inhibits electron transfer in respiratory complex I.