dinucleotide

Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt (FAD sodium salt) is a flavin dinucleotide that is synthesized when the AMP moiety from ATP is transferred onto riboflavin 5'-monophosphate. FAD functions as a coenzyme that facilitates the transfer of electrons by flavoenzymes in oxidation-reduction reactions in cells.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a REDOX cofactor and protein cogroup involved in various metabolic reactions.

NAD+ (β-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is a coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH).

NAD sodium (β-DPN sodium) is distributed across all human cells, involved in thousands of biochemical reactions, and is an essential coenzyme in the body.

Thio-NAD, a thione-modified derivative of the signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor NAD+, can substitute for NAD+ as a cofactor in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity assays. It is utilized as a substrate in dual-enzyme cycling ELISA for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike glycoprotein, or surface glycoprotein, and live M. tuberculosis in patient sputum. Thio-NAD is characterized by its absorbance at 405 nm, distinguishing it from other cofactors.

8-Bromo NAD+ serves as a prodrug for the cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) inhibitor, 8-bromo cADPR, undergoing conversion to its active form by the enzyme CD38. At a concentration of 1 mM, it effectively inhibits the rise in intracellular calcium levels and chemotaxis triggered by N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) in mouse bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Furthermore, when applied at 100 µM, this compound reduces LPS-induced nitrite production and decreases the secretion of TNF-α and IL-2 in mouse primary microglial cells.

6-Biotin-17-NAD+ sodium (Biotin-LC-NAD+ sodium) is a biotinylated derivative of NAD+ and can be used to measure NADH dehydrogenase activity.

8-(2-azidobenzylthio) NAD+ is a derivatized version of NAD+, a signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor, featuring an azido group (azidobenzylthio) that enables click chemistry applications.

8-(4-Azidophenacylthio) NAD+ is a clickable variant of the essential signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor, NAD+.

2-Azido-NAD, an analog of NAD+, is utilized for visualizing the intracellular poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) process.

2',3'-Cyclic NADP disodium (2',3'-cNADP+; β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-2',3'-cyclic phosphate) is a substrate of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP), an enzyme abundantly found in the myelin. It is utilized in coupled enzyme assays for the quantification of CNP activity. At a concentration of 5 μM, 2',3'-cNADP disodium can enhance calcium release due to calcium overload and prevent calcium-induced swelling in rat brain mitochondria.

NAD+ lithium (β-DPN lithium) is the lithium salt form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. This coenzyme plays a crucial role in redox reactions and can directly or indirectly influence various key cellular functions, such as metabolic pathways, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, cell aging, and immune cell functions.

N6-Etheno-nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (ε-NADP+) trisodium is a structural analog of NADP(+). It acts as an inhibitor of maize malic enzyme with a Ki value of 1.01 μM.

Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide DiSodium Salt xhydrate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T64590.

β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced dipotassium is an orally active, reduced coenzyme that functions as a donor of ADP-ribose units in ADP-ribosylation reactions and as a precursor of cyclic ADP-ribose. It also serves as a regenerative electron donor in essential cellular energy metabolism processes, including glycolysis, β-oxidation, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle [1].

β-Benzamide adenine dinucleotide is a bioactive metabolite of benzamide ribonucleoside and functions as an effective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). It also acts as a potent, competitive inhibitor of human NAD kinase with a Ki value of 90 µM.

Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide (ε-NAD) sodium is a fluorescent analog of NAD, serving as a substrate for bacterial toxins that catalyze the G-ADP ribosylation of signal-transduction G proteins. Additionally, Nicotinamide 1,N6-ethenoadenine dinucleotide sodium can be used as a fluorescent substrate in the study of ADP ribosylation reactions.

3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide disodium is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biomaterial for life science related research and as a sulfonylation reagent for organic synthesis and drug discovery.

NAD Synthetase is responsible for the final step in the synthesis of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD). The enzyme sourced from Escherichia coli exhibits Km values of 200 μM for NAD, 11 μM for ATP, and 0.65 μM for ammonia. Conversely, NAD Synthetase derived from yeast demonstrates Km values of 170 μM for NAD, 190 μM for ATP, and 64 μM for ammonia. This enzyme is applicable in enzymatic assays for ATP, ammonia, urea, or creatinine and can also be used in enzymatic recycling methods. Additionally, NAD Synthetase holds potential for research into metabolic diseases, cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders.

α-NAD (α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) serves as a substrate for the enzyme renin and functions similarly to β-NAD analogs. It influences the kinetics of NAD-dependent enzymes and plays a crucial role as a cofactor in mitochondrial redox reactions.

Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide is a precursor of NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and a substrate for glutamine-dependent NAD+ synthase, widely used in biochemical experiments and drug synthesis research.

3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide functions as an alternative reductant in glutamate-synthase-catalyzed glutamate synthesis. 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide demonstrates kinetic parameters in the AcPdADH-dependent reaction wherein Kcat and Km values for other substrates are reduced approximately fourfold relative to the NADH-dependent reaction. 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide shows a Km of ~3 µM and acts as a competitive inhibitor of NADH in NADH-dependent glutamate synthesis with a Ki of 1 µM. 3-Acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide provides meaningful mechanistic insights into redox cofactor selectivity in enzymatic glutamate biosynthesis.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide-13C5 (FAD-13C5) ammonium is a carbon-13 labeled form of flavin adenine dinucleotide. Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) serves as a redox cofactor and is a prosthetic group in proteins, playing a role in several crucial enzymatic reactions during metabolism.

Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt. Flavin adenine dinucleotide disodium salt (FAD sodium salt) is a flavin dinucleotide that is synthesized when the AMP moiety from ATP is transferred onto riboflavin 5'-monophosphate. FAD functions as a coenzyme that facilitates the transfer of electrons by flavoenzymes in oxidation-reduction reactions in cells.