5-pregnen-3beta-ol-20-one-16alpha-carbonitrile

Pregnenolone Carbonitrile (5-Pregnen-3β-ol-20-one-16α-carbonitrile) is an activator of rodent-PXR and induces the expression of CYP3A.

Staurosporine (AM-2282) is a protein kinase inhibitor with ATP-competitive and non-selective inhibitory activity (IC50=6/15/2/3/3000 nM) against PKC, PKA, c-Fgr, phosphorylase kinase and TAOK2. Staurosporine also induces apoptosis.

Isopulegol has antioxidant, and neuroactive properties. It also has gastroprotective effects induced by isopulegol appear to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous prostaglandins, K+ATP channel opening and antioxidant proprieties related to GSH incr

Uridine (Uridin) is a nucleoside compound, one of the four bases that make up RNA, that replaces thymine in DNA during transcription and pairs with adenine.

L-Leucine ((S)-Leucine) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), L-Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. L-Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. L-Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. L-Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare.

1. Isoquercetin (3-Glucosylquercetin) is a potential stimulator of bone mineralization used for prophylaxis of osteoporotic disorders. 2. Isoquercetin may be as a potential therapeutic agent against neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. 3. Isoquercetin is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin and may be as a potential novel anti-tumoral agent, such as against human pancreati,liver cancer related to opioid receptors and to the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. .

Germacrene D, a natural essential oil, has antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity on tumor cells.

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7 |1. Dippold, M.A., and Kuzyakov, Y. Direct incorporation of fatty acids into microbial phospholipids in soils: Position-specific labeling tells the story. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 174(1), 211-221 (2016).|2. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|3. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|4. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|5. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|6. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|7. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Benastatin A is a polyketide synthase-derived benastatin that has been found inStreptomycesand has diverse biological activities.1,2,3It inhibits glutathione S-transferase (GST; Ki= 5 μM for the rat liver enzyme).2Benastatin A is active against several bacteria, including methicillin-resistantS. aureus(MRSA; MIC = 3.12 μg/ml). It induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1/G0phase in Colon 26 mouse colon cancer cells when used at concentrations of 20 and 16 μM, respectively.3 1.Xu, Z., Schenk, A., and Hertweck, C.Molecular analysis of the benastatin biosynthetic pathway and genetic engineering of altered fatty acid-polyketide hybridsJ. Am. Chem. Soc.129(18)6022-6030(2007) 2.Aoyagi, T., Aoyama, T., Kojima, F., et al.Benastatins A and B, new inhibitors of glutathione S-transferase, produced by Streptomyces sp. MI384-DF12. I. Taxonomy, production, isolation, physico-chemical properties and biological activitiesJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)45(9)1385-1390(1992) 3.Kakizaki, I., Ookawa, K., Ishikawa, T., et al.Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in mouse colon 26 cells by benastatin AJpn. J. Cancer Res.91(11)1161-1168(2000)

LpxC-IN-5 is a potent, non-hydroxamate inhibitor of LpxC, which is an enzyme known as UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase. It exhibits an IC50 value of 20 nM. Furthermore, LpxC-IN-5 displays antibacterial activity against various strains including E. coli ATCC25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC27853, K. pneumoniae ATCC13883, and P. aeruginosa 5567. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for these strains are 16 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL, 64 μg/mL, and 4 μg/mL, respectively.

Yamogenin is a diastereomer of diosgenin, which we have identified as the compound responsible for the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of fenugreek.

(+)-Longifolene is a naturally occurring.