5-htp

5-hydroxytryptophan (NSC-92523) is the immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.

Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin) is a natural product extracted from Capsicum annuum, and is a TRPV1 agonist (EC50=0.29 μM). Capsaicin has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.

In the CNS, Kainic acid is an effective agonist at excitatory amino acid receptor subtypes.

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a colorless amine oxide produced from choline, betaine, and carnitine via intestinal microbial metabolism that accumulates in tissues of marine animals and prevents the protein-damaging effects of urea.Trimethylamine N-oxide induces inflammation through activation of ROS NLRP3 inflammasomes, which can induce fibroblast differentiation and cardiac fibrosis.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a naturally occurring hormone involved in various physiological processes, such as smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, vasodilation and constriction, blood pressure regulation, and inflammatory regulation.

Oxazolone has been used as a haptenizing agent to induce inflammatory responses in intestinal tissue of adult zebrafish and as a model for gene expression studies in two forms of inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a member of the phorbol ester group of natural products, activates PKC, SphK, and NF-κB, and induces THP1 cell differentiation.

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid) is a COX inhibitor that inhibits COX1 and COX2 (IC50=5 210 μg mL) with selective, irreversible, and oral activity. Aspirin is also a histone deacetylase inhibitor that up-regulates the cell cycle blocking protein, p21. Aspirin has a variety of activities. Aspirin has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic, and antiplatelet aggregation activities.

Haloperidol (Serenace) is a highly potent neuroleptic by relieving nervous through the depression of nerve function. In addition, haloperidol has shown about 50-fold efficacy than chlorpromazine, another antipsychotic drug. Haloperidol has some potencies in the treatment of delusions and hallucinations. Its effects are primarily attained through blocking dopamine receptors in the mesocortex and limbic system.

Adenine (6-Aminopurine), a purine derivative, is a nucleobase essential in biochemistry, participating in cellular respiration through ATP, NAD, and FAD, and in protein synthesis as a component of DNA and RNA.

D-Galactose (Alpha-D-galactose) is an aldohexose that exists naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins and is converted enzymatically into D-glucose for metabolism or polysaccharides for storage. It accelerates senescence in invertebrates and mammals and has been used as a model for aging.

L-5-Hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP), the immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan, is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.

Liothyronine (Tresitope) is an active form of thyroid hormone, binding to β1 thyroid hormone receptor (TRβ1), and activates its activity.

Fructose (Fructopyranose) is a simple ketonic monosaccharide extracted from Honey,fruits,berries,melon.

1. L-Arginine (L-Arg) exhibits anti-atherosclerotic effect. 2. L-Arginine and soy enriched diet are effective in prevention of osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. 3. Exogenous L-Arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway. 4. A combination of oral L-citrulline and L-Arginine effectively and rapidly augments NO-dependent responses at the acute stage.

Potassium oxonate (Potassium azaorotate) is a uricase inhibitor that prevents metabolism and excretion of uric acid and induces embryotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats.

Cyproheptadine hydrochloride (Periactin hydrochloride) is a hydrochloride salt form of cyproheptadine which is a histamine receptor antagonist.

Argatroban (MCI-9038), a specific thrombin inhibitor, which is a non-heparin anticoagulant, prevents the formation of thrombi.

Bicuculline ((+)-Bicuculline) is a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABAA receptors, originally identified in 1932 from plant alkaloid extracts, and isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and various Corydalis species.

(RS)-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine (LY 285265) [(D,L-(tetrazol-5-yl)glycine] is an effective and selective N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor agonist with EC50s of 99 nM for GluN1 GluN2D and 1.7 μM for GluN1 GluN2A.

L-Homocysteine is a biological thiol associated with various diseases and conditions. It is a marker for atherosclerosis and exacerbates intestinal inflammation in IBD by promoting 5-LOX and COX-2.

Amiodarone (Cordarone) is an antiarrhythmic compound that induces pulmonary toxicity and inhibits ATP-sensitive potassium channels.Amiodarone has shown some antiviral activity in SARS-CoV-2-induced disease.

Argatroban Monohydrate is a specific thrombin inhibitor, which is a non-heparin anticoagulant, prevents the formation of thrombi.

Indomethacin sodium hydrate (Indometacin sodium hydrate) is an orally active, competitive and reversible COX1 2 inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory activity in induced migraines, induced gastrointestinal injuries, and may be used in studies of increased intracranial pressure secondary to severe traumatic brain injury and rheumatoid arthritis in adults.