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Bufalin is a natural product and a Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase inhibitor (IC50 ≈ 40–45 nM) with favorable cell permeability. By binding to α subunits such as ATP1A1, bufalin induces calcium overload and pyroptosis, and can be used for experimental research and therapeutic exploration in various cancers.

Bufalin (Standard) is a reference standard for research and analysis in studies involving Bufalin. Bufalin is an active ingredient and one of the glycosides in the traditional Chinese medicine ChanSu; it is also a bufadienolide toxin originally isolated from the venom of the Chinese toad Bufo gargarizans, with potential cardiotonic and antineoplastic activity. Although the mechanism of action of bufalin is still under investigation, this agent is a specific Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor and can induce apoptosis in Y cell lines through the activation of the transcription factor AP-1 via a mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.