α1β3γ2 gabaa receptor

Glabridin (KB-289522) may serve as an anti-inflammatory agent in diabetes-related vascular dysfunction, through regulating the synthesis and activity of iNOS under high-glucose levels; may possess a therapeutic effect on metabolic disorders( such as diabetes and hyperglycemia), by modulating glucose metabolism through AMPK in skeletal muscle cells. Glabridin may have potential as a chemopreventive agent against liver Y metastasis, by inhibiting the invasion of human HCC cells.

Broflanilide is an insecticide that acts as a GABA receptor antagonist against DDT. It targets a novel allosteric site on insect GABA receptors, exhibits no cross-resistance, and demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy. Broflanilide's metabolite, Desmethyl-Broflanilide, inhibits the RDL GABAR receptor in the Spodoptera litura moth with an IC50 value of 1.3 nM.

Etifoxine hydrochloride (HOE 36-801 hydrochloride) is an anxiolytic and anticonvulsant drug. Unlike benzodiazepines, Etifoxine hydrochloride appears to produce its anxiolytic effects by binding to β2 and β3 subunits of the GABAA receptor complex, and so is acting at a different target site to benzodiazepines, although the physiological effect that is produced is similar to that of benzodiazepines.

LAU159 is a functionally selective positive α1β3 GABA(A) receptor modulator (EC50: 2.2 μM).

GABAA receptor modulator-3 (compound 3b) is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM). It inhibits the peak current and steady-state current of α1β3γ2 GABAAR with IC50 values of 671 μM and 64 μM, respectively.

GABAA receptor modulator-4 (Compound 4) acts as a negative allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor. It inhibits the peak and steady-state currents mediated by the α1β3γ2 GABAA receptors, with an IC50 of 10 μM for both.

GABAA receptor modulator-9 is a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, specifically targeting the α1β2γ2 subtype and capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. It exhibits excellent activity at α1β2γ2 (EC50: 0.9 μM in oocytes and 0.2 μM in CHO cells) and also shows activity at α1β2, α3β2γ2, and α1β3γ2 (with EC50 values of 1.3, 3.4, and 1.1 μM, respectively). GABAA receptor modulator-9 significantly inhibits seizure progression and reduces mortality in mice. It is applicable in studies of status epilepticus (SE).

Tracazolate hydrochloride (Tracazolate (hydrochloride)) is a modulator of the GABAA receptor with anxiolytic and anticonvulsant activity. Tracazolate hydrochloride potentiates α1β1γ2s and α1β3γ2 with EC50s of 13.2 μM and 1.5 μM.

ZK93423 is a potent agonist of benzodiazepine receptor (IC50 = 1 nM) with non-selective between α1-, α2-, α3- and α5-subunit containing GABAA receptors, Ki values are 4.1, 4.2, 6 and 4.5 nM for inhibition of [3H]Ro15-1788 binding to human recombinant α1β3