( ) praeruptorin a

Praeruptorin A ((+)-Praeruptorin A) has the potential to inhibit migration fusion of preosteoclasts in vitro and bone erosion in vivo by targeting calmodulin and inhibiting the Ca(2+) calmodulin-CaMKIV-CREB-NFATc1 and or Ca(2+) calmodulin-calcineurin-NFATc1 signaling axis.

1. (±)-Praeruptorin A could exhibit its anti-osteoclastogenic activity by inhibiting p38 Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca(2+) oscillation 2. Praeruptorin A has the potential to inhibit migration fusion of preosteoclasts in vitro and bone erosion in vivo by targeting calmodulin and inhibiting the Ca(2+) calmodulin-CaMKIV-CREB-NFATc1 and or Ca(2+) calmodulin-calcineurin-NFATc1 signaling axis. 3. Praeruptorin A and praeruptorin C can significantly upregulate multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression via the constitutive androstane receptor-mediated pathway in vitro, and this should be taken as an herb-drug interaction.

(-)-Praeruptorin A has anti-inflammatory, anti-contractile and anti-hyperplasia activities, it exerts distinct relaxant effects on isolated rat aorta rings dependent on endothelium and nitric oxide synthesis;it also can significantly suppress airway inflammation and airway remodeling induced by ovalbumin challenge, and is a potential candidate for the treatment of asthma. (-)-Praeruptorin A resensitizes Pgp-mediated MDR (Pgp-MDR) cancer cells to cancer drugs.

Praeruptorin B (Praeruptorin D), a compound found in the roots of Peuced, is an inhibitor of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) that attenuates the metastatic ability of human renal cancer cells by targeting CTSC and CTSV expression, and can be used in the study of osteoporosis.

1. Praeruptorin C has been widely used as an antioxidant and a calcium antagonist to treat diseases. 2. Praeruptorin C partially protects cortical neurons by inhibiting the expression of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors and regulating the Bcl-2 family. 3.

(-)-Praeruptorin B is a natural product from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn.