Salviniales

Salviniales is an order of heterosporous aquatic ferns, including families such as Salviniaceae and Marsileaceae. Members produce flavonoids, phenolic acids, and unique aquatic-adapted metabolites. In biomedical research, Salviniales is studied for antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytoprotective activities, though it remains relatively underexplored. Its unique reproductive biology and aquatic adaptation make it valuable for studying evolutionary transitions in vascular plant reproduction and metabolism.