Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential micronutrient and a cofactor for many central metabolic enzymes.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is a natural product, an endogenous human metabolite, and a micronutrient. Riboflavin is essential for the formation of two major coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. Riboflavin is involved in energy metabolism, cellular respiration, and antibody production, as well as normal growth and development.

Malic acid 4-Me ester is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN4487 and the CAS number is 66178-02-7.