voltage dependence

IEM 1754 2HBr (IEM 1754 dihydrobromide) is a selective AMPA/kainate receptor blockers for GluR1 and GluR3 with IC50 of 6 μM.

ITP-2 is a selective activator of hERG channels. ITP-2 causes large depolarizing shifts in the midpoint of voltage-dependent inactivation and hyperpolarizing shifts in the voltage-dependence of activation.

SKF32802 is a novel potent, selective hERG potassium channel (Kv11.1) activator that induces a leftward shift in the voltage dependence of activation.

Glycinexylidide (GX), the active metabolite of the local anesthetic Lidocaine, exhibits properties significant in inhibiting sodium channels with complex voltage dependence and mitigates the proliferation and spread of gastric cancer cells. GX holds research promise in applications related to anesthesia, cancer, and cardiovascular disease [1].

Guangxitoxin 1E acts as a gating modifier since it shifts the voltage-dependence of Kv2.1 K+ currents towards depolarized potentials.