vinclozolin

Vinclozolin (Ornalin) is a fungicide with anti-androgenic activity and is commonly used in agriculture.

Vinclozolin M2, an active metabolite of vinclozolin, is generated through successive esterase activity and decarboxylation in C. elegans, as well as decarboxylation in human liver microsomes. It functions as an antagonist to the mineralocorticoid (IC50= 1,400 nM) and androgen receptors (IC50= 0.17 nM), demonstrated in reporter assays with MCF-7 cells. This compound is exclusively sold for research and analytical purposes, tailored for controlled laboratory use, and is not available in bulk sizes.

Boscalid is a broad-spectrum carboxamide fungicide that inhibits fungal respiration by binding to the ubiquinone site of mitochondrial complex II succinate dehydrogenase.1It suppresses mycelial growth ofS. minorby 87 to 100% and ofS. sclerotiorumby 77 to 100% when used at a concentration of 1 μg ml.2In field studies, boscalid applied at 5.6 μg cm2provides 55.5 and 30.4% disease control for lettuce drop caused byS. minorandS. sclerotiorum, respectively. It decreases cell viability of mouse primary cortical neurons following long-term exposure but is not cytotoxic (LC50= >100 μM for acute and continuous exposure). Formulations containing boscalid have been used in agriculture to prevent fungal growth on crops. 1.Wang, Y., Duan, Y., Wang, J., et al.A new point mutation in the iron-sulfur subunit of succinate dehydrogenase confers resistance to boscalid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorumMol. Plant Pathol.16(7)653-661(2015) 2.Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M.Activity of boscalid, fenhexamid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and vinclozolin on growth of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum and development of lettuce dropPlant Dis.88(6)665-668(2004)