ulcerative colitis

Olsalazine (Dipentium), an anti-inflammatory drug, is used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. It is also a novel DNA hypomethylating agent.

Cosyntropin (acetate) stimulates the release of corticosteroids such as cortisol from the adrenal gland.

Palmatine chloride an isoquinoline alkaloid, is an important medicinal herbal extract with diverse pharmacological and biological properties.

Oxazolone is a haptenating agent that can induce models of acute or chronic colitis and atopic dermatitis. It activates Th1/Th2 responses, leading to weight loss and diarrhea, and the resulting inflammation can be alleviated by anti-IL-4 antibodies, anti-TNF-α antibodies, or IL-13R2α-Fc fusion proteins. It is also suitable for studying gene expression related to inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish.

A-69412 (N-1-(Fur-3-ylethyl)-N-hydroxyurea) is a reversible, specific inhibitor of the hydrophilic 5-lipoxygenase. It has the potential to treat ulcerative colitis and asthma, and possibly other inflammatory and allergic conditions.

Izencitinib (JNJ-8398) is an orally active and gut-selective JAK inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory activity for the study of ulcerative colitis and Crohn;s disease.

Dersalazine (Dersalazine Free Base), an inhibitor of platelet-activating factor, exerts intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in different rodent types of colitis by down-regulating IL-17 expression, with potential efficacy in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Olsalazine disodium (Dipentum) is bioconverted to 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in the colon and has anti-inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis.

5-Acetylsalicylic acid (5-acetyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid) has anti-inflammatory effects and can be used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis, inflamed anus or rectum, and to maintain remission in Crohn's disease.

Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium (1-Pyrrolidinedithiocarboxylic acid ammonium salt), a selective NF-κB inhibitor, inhibits translation of nitric oxide synthase mRNA to prevent induction.

Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate (hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate*free acid) is a corticosteroid used as an analytical and chromatography reagent.

Balsalazide sodium hydrate (Balsalazide disodium) is an anti-inflammatory compound used in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Balsalazide sodium hydrate is a new 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) containing prodrug. High dose Balsalazide sodium hydrate(3.0 g twice daily) was superior in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis compared with a low dose (1.5 g twice daily) or a standard dose of mesalazine (0.5 g three times daily). All three treatments were safe and well tolerated [1]. Balsalazide sodium hydrate is approved for the treatment of mild-to-moderate active UC. It is efficacious for the induction of remission in mild to moderate UC and has a favorable safety profile, with the added advantages of greater efficacy of remission induction and rapidity of onset [2].

1. Palmatine (Burasaine) is an inhibitor of dopamine generation. 2. Palmatine could potentially be developed for the treatment of flavivirus infections. 3. Palmatine has been used in the treatment of jaundice, dysentery, hypertension, inflammation, and liver-related diseases.

Antimicrobial agent-21 is a potent mitogen activated protein kinase inhibitor with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity for the treatment of cataracts, ulcerative colitis, meningitis and Kawasaki's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Fosizensertib is an inhibitor of RIP-1 kinase and is used in research related to ulcerative colitis.

Anti-inflammatory agent 97 (Compound 1l) is an anti-inflammatory compound and also inhibits oxidative stress. It can reduce colon shortening and alleviate inflammatory symptoms in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis induced by DSS. Additionally, it modulates the inflammation-associated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and the oxidative stress-related Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Anti-inflammatory agent 102 (Compound 11a) is an orally effective anti-inflammatory compound. It exerts its effects by inhibiting the activation of the ASK1/p38 MAPKs/NF-κB signaling pathway. This agent displays significant anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the release of NO, ROS, and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Anti-inflammatory agent 102 is applicable in research concerning inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC).

(R)-STU104-d6 is a deuterium-labeled variant of (R)-STU104. This compound acts as a potent and orally active inhibitor of the interaction between TAK1 and MKK3 proteins, exhibiting IC50 values of 0.58 μM for TNF-α and 4.0 μM for MKK3 phosphorylation. By binding to MKK3, (R)-STU104 hinders TAK1's ability to phosphorylate MKK3, thereby disrupting the TAK1/MKK3/p38/MnK1/MK2/elF4E signaling pathway. It is utilized in research related to ulcerative colitis.

AMPK-IN-5 (compound 7m) is a derivative of osthole that inhibits MAPK signaling by blocking the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, thereby suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines. AMPK-IN-5 can reduce ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium and acute lung injury induced by LPS.

AF-45 inhibits IRAK4 and IRAK1 with IC50 values of 128 nM and 1765 nM, respectively. It suppresses the release of IL-6 and TNF-α in macrophages, with IC50 ranges of 0.53-1.54 μM and 0.6-2.75 μM, respectively. Additionally, AF-45 acts as an inhibitor of the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. In mouse models, AF-45 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity against DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury. In rat models, AF-45 demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetic properties.

LTA4H-IN-5 (Compound H122) is an orally active inhibitor of leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), effectively suppressing both its aminopeptidase and hydrolase activities with IC50 values of 0.38 nM and 16.93 nM, respectively. In C57 mice, it demonstrates favorable pharmacokinetic properties and shows efficacy in improving DNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in rat models.

Icatibant Acetate, an antagonist of the bradykinin B2 receptor, is used in the treatment of hereditary angioedema.

McN-A 343 is a selective M1 muscarinic agonist known for its ability to stimulate muscarinic transmission in sympathetic ganglia. It has been found to effectively reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in experimental models of ulcerative colitis.

Delmitide, a TNF-alpha production inhibitor, is used potentially for the treatment of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.