perivascular

Resorcinolnaphthalein is a specific enhancer of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (EC50 value of 19.5 μM).

KCL-HO-1i is an orally active heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 123 nM for rat HO-1 and 128 nM for human HO-1. It targets immune-suppressive LYVE-1+ perivascular tumor-associated macrophages (PvTAMs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and reduces PvTAM-mediated immune evasion. In MMTV-PyMT mice with spontaneous breast cancer or C57Bl/6 mice with subcutaneous MN-MCA1 sarcoma, KCL-HO-1i demonstrates synergistic anti-tumor effects when combined with chemotherapy. It is applicable for cancer research.

LXY3 (LXY2) is a VLA-3 blocking peptide that inhibits the interaction of neutrophil surface integrin α3β1 (VLA-3) with laminin in the basement membrane, thereby preventing neutrophil migration across the tumor vascular basement membrane barrier. LXY3 is employed to block the neutrophil-mediated release of nanoparticles from the perivascular pool into the tumor stroma and is frequently used for targeted imaging in breast cancer.