Neomycin B

Framycetin sulfate (Neomycin Sulphate B) belongs to aminoglycoside class of antibiotics that contain two or more aminosugars connected by glycosidic bonds.

Framycetin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic and it also inhibits hammerhead ribozyme (Ki: 13.5 μM).

6"'-Deamino-6"'-hydroxyneomycin B is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by [Streptomyces fradiaeUC 75]. It is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of neomycin.

Framycetin-d2 (Neomycin B-d2) is a deuterium-labeled version of Framycetin. Framycetin (Neomycin B), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, effectively inhibits RNase P cleavage activity with a Ki of 35 μM by competing for specific divalent metal ion binding sites on RNase P RNA. It also hinders hammerhead ribozyme action, possessing a Ki of 13.5 μM. Framycetin serves as a precursor for 5″-azido neomycin B that binds to the Drosha site in miR-525 and can be applied in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy and infections caused by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Neomycin C hexaacetate is a tetracyclic antibacterial agent and the primary active isomer in the neomycin complex. Neomycin, an aminoglycoside containing 2-DOS, is composed of Neomycin A, Neomycin B, and Neomycin C.

Paromomycin (Sulfate Salt) is an aminoglycoside that is active against Gram-negative and many Gram-positive bacteria as well as some protozoa and cestodes. Paromomycin in combination with sodium stibogluconate has proven to be effective in African and Indian VL (visceral leishmaniasis) and improves survival in African VL[3]. PS (Paromomycin Sulfate) is effective for elimination of B. coli without hematological side effects[4]. The activity of phosphoglucose isomerase was slightly inhibited by 10(-3) M paromomycin sulfate while those of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were not inhibited[5]. In addition, with regard to correlation of endotoxemia with renal impairment, endogenous creatinine clearance and p-aminohippurate clearance were significantly improved (P less than 0.02) in those patients whose endotoxemia disappeared on paromomycin sulfate administration. Paromomycin sulfate seems to be effective in the prevention of endotoxemia and the associated renal impairment in cirrhosis in man[6]. Significantly higher frequencies of resistance to paromomycin, kanamycin, neomycin and tobramycin were observed in S. aureus isolates from PS (paromomycin supplemented) birds. Paromomycin supplementation resulted in resistance to aminoglycosides in bacteria of PS turkeys. Co-selection for resistance to other antimicrobial agents was observed in E. coli isolates[7].

Neomycin (free base) is an antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces fradiae. It is composed of neomycins A, B, and C. It acts by inhibiting translation during protein synthesis.

Neomycin C, an isomeric component of the Neomycin complex, is a 2-DOS-containing aminoglycoside that comprises neomycin A, B, and C. It is notably less potent, exhibiting approximately half the activity of neomycin B [1] [2].

Senfolomycin B exhibits activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, as well as effectiveness against penicillin-resistant, streptomycin-resistant, neomycin-resistant, and macrolide-antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, Senfolomycin A demonstrates weaker activity against Gram-negative bacteria.

Paulomycin B exhibits activity against gram-positive bacteria and inhibits Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, neomycin, and macrolide antibiotics.