9b,10a-cholesta-5,7-dien-3b-ol

Lumisterol 3 (9β,10α-Cholesta-5,7-dien-3β-ol) is a sterol metabolite and a photosensitised isomer derivative of vitamin D3. It activates Nrf2 and p53 and protects keratinocytes from UVB-induced damage.

Citronellol ((±)-β-Citronellol) is used in insect repellents and perfumes and as a mite attractant.

1-PeCSO is isolated from onion or garlic bulbs. It acts as a key compound in garlic greening and reacts with lachrymatory factor synthase.

Ethyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate is a selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.

Terpineol possesses antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, it also exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against periodontopathic and cariogenic bacteria. α-Terpineol (Terpineol) shows anticonvulsant, and anti-inflammatory activities, it inhibits the gene expression of the IL-6 receptor.

Isopulegol has antioxidant, and neuroactive properties. It also has gastroprotective effects induced by isopulegol appear to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous prostaglandins, K+ATP channel opening and antioxidant proprieties related to GSH incr

18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (Enoxolone) is the major bioactive component of Glycyrrhizae Radix and possesses anti-ulcerative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties.

Adenine is a purine-derived nucleobase and one of the four bases of DNA. It is an important chemical component of both DNA and RNA, involved in cellular respiration, the formation of ATP and coenzymes NAD and FAD, as well as protein synthesis. Adenine is commonly used to induce chronic kidney injury models.

Myricetin (Cannabiscetin) is a natural flavonoid and MEK1 inhibitor. Myricetin has hypoglycemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities.

Lactose is a disaccharide derived from galactose and glucose that is found in milk.

Catechin (Cianidanol) is a flavan-3-ol, a type of natural phenol and antioxidant.

Nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 derivative, is an inhibitor of SIRT1 (IC50=50-180 μM) and SIRT2 (IC50=2 μM). Nicotinamide can be used as a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD+, which can be supplemented by dietary intake and can prevent or treat melanoglossia and pellagra.

Capsaicin is an active natural component found in chili peppers and acts as a TRPV1 agonist (EC50 = 0.29 μM). It possesses multiple activities, including pain relief, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects, as well as some neurotoxicity. Capsaicin can be used to establish itch models.

Vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) a fat-soluble, naturally occurring vitamin with antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.

Catalase is an essential enzyme in the metabolism of H2O2 and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression and localization of Catalase are markedly altered in tumors.

Trilaurin (Glyceryl tridodecanoate) is a triacylglycerol found in dietary fats. Trilaurin can be used in cosmetic products as a thickening agent.

1,3-Dioxane, 4-methyl- is a bioactive chemical.

Chitin is a large, structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of insects, and certain hard structures in fish and invertebrates.

Paeoniflorin (Peoniflorin) is a herbal constituent extracted from the root of Paeonia albiflora Pall.

Caryophyllene oxide is isolated from Aegle marmelos, with anti-inflammatory activity.

Arctiin (Arctigenin-4-glucoside) acts on an agonists of the adiponectin receptor 1 with anti-cancer effects.

S-allyl-L-cysteine (S-Allylcysteine), a natural constituent of fresh garlic, has antioxidant and anticancer properties in animals.

Chlorogenic acid is a natural phenol found in honeysuckle. Chlorogenic acid has a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective.

Caffeic acid is a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and TRPV1 ion channels.