7,8-dihydro-l-biopterin

7,8-Dihydro-L-biopterin is an oxidation product of tetrahydrobiopterin.

Rutin (Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside), a flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities including antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anticarcinogenic properties.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a naturally occurring hormone involved in various physiological processes, such as smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, vasodilation and constriction, blood pressure regulation, and inflammatory regulation.

Capsaicin ((E)-Capsaicin) is a natural product extracted from Capsicum annuum, and is a TRPV1 agonist (EC50=0.29 μM). Capsaicin has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activities.

Palmatine chloride an isoquinoline alkaloid, is an important medicinal herbal extract with diverse pharmacological and biological properties.

1. Dehydrocorydaline (13-Methylpalmatine) exerts anti-metastatic potential via suppression of MMPs and Bcl-2 signaling in NSC-LC cells. 2. Dehydrocorydaline stimulates p38 MAPK activation, which can enhance heterodimerization of MyoD and E proteins, thus resulting in MyoD activation and myoblast differentiation. 3. Dehydrocorydaline shows antiplatelet effects, it inhibits thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in a low dose ( IC50= 34.914 ug mL). 4. Dehydrocorydaline has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. 5. Dehydrocorydaline inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis mediated by regulating Bax Bcl-2, activating caspases as well as cleaving PARP.

Citronellol ((±)-β-Citronellol) is used in insect repellents and perfumes and as a mite attractant.

Valproic Acid (2-Propylpentanoic Acid) is an HDAC inhibitor that inhibits HDAC1 activity, induces HDAC2 degradation, and is orally active. Valproic Acid can be used in epilepsy and bipolar disorder research.

1-PeCSO is isolated from onion or garlic bulbs. It acts as a key compound in garlic greening and reacts with lachrymatory factor synthase.

Rutin hydrate (Sophorin), a kind of glycoside, widely exists in many plants including citrus fruit.

Anthraquinone-2-carboxylic acid acts as a potent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive component in vivo, thus contributing to the immune regulatory role of fruits and herbs.

PROPYL DISULFIDE is a natural product.

Pharmatose DCL 14 (D-Lactose monohydrate) is the major sugar present in milk and the main source of energy supplied to the newborn mammalian in its mother's milk. Pharmatose DCL 14 is also an important osmotic regulator of lactation. It could regulate human's intestinal microflora.

1. 2-Methoxycinnamic acid (o-Methoxycinnamic acid) can enhance inhibition of tyrosinase activity.

Pyruvic aldehyde (2-Oxopropanal) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl compound that can be converted to lactic acid by evolution from DHA and GLA.

1-Phenylpropane-1,2-dione (Acetyl benzoyl) is a eukaryotic metabolite produced in plant metabolic reactions.

Rhamnose monohydrate (L-(+)-Rhamnose Monohydrate) is a naturally-occurring deoxy sugar that is found primarily in plants and some bacteria.

Ammonium glycyrrhizinate (Glycyrram) exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antigastriculcer, and antihepatitis activities.

Lauric Acid (Dodecylic acid),which is found naturally in various plant and animal fats and oils, is a saturated medium-chain fatty acid with a 12-carbon backbone. It is a major component of coconut oil and palm kernel oil.

1-Undecanol (1-Hendecanol) is a natural product in many foods such as fruits, butter, eggs and cooked pork, is used as a flavoring ingredient.

L-Citrulline, an amino acid, is derived from ornithine during the catabolism of proline, glutamate, or glutamine, and also from L-arginine via the arginine-citrulline pathway.

Paeoniflorin (Peoniflorin) is a herbal constituent extracted from the root of Paeonia albiflora Pall.

L-Tyrosine ((S)-Tyrosine) is a naturally occurring tyrosine and is synthesized in vivo from L-phenylalanine, considered a non-essential amino acid. L-Tyrosine(L-p-Tyrosine) is the levorotatory isomer of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.

Tangeretin (NSC-618905), a flavonoid from citrus fruit peels, has been proven to play an important role in anti-inflammatory responses and neuroprotective effects in several disease models and was also selected as a Notch-1 inhibitor.