DAPI Dihydrochloride (FxCycle Violet) is A cell-permeable fluorescent probe. By binding to small forests rich in A-T DNA sequences, it is used to stain DNA and chromosomes, with a preference for DNA rich in adenine and thymine.
H2DCFDA (DCFH-DA) belongs to the class of green fluorescent dyes and is a probe for the detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (Ex Em=488 525 nm) with cell membrane permeability.
ER-Tracker Green (ERTG) is a cell permeable live cell stain for live cell imaging.ER-Tracker Green has an excitation wavelength of 504 nm and an emission wavelength of 511 nm.
FITC is a green fluorescein derivative. FITC is often used to label biological macromolecules such as antibodies and proteins. FITC can also be used to label nucleic acids. FITC can be used as a fluorescent probe to detect cell viability, cell apoptosis, etc. FITC showed a maximum excitation wavelength of 494 nm and yellow-green fluorescence at a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm.
Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR 123) is a fluorescent probe (λex=488 nm, λem=525 nm). Dihydrorhodamine 123 is oxidized to the fluorescent reagent Rhodamine 123 in the presence of intracellular reactive oxygen species and is localized in mitochondria.
DiI (DiIC18(3)) is a lipophilic membrane dye commonly used as a long-term tracer for neurons and other cells. DiI fluoresces very weakly before it enters the cell membrane, and only after it enters the cell membrane can it be excited to emit a strong orange-red fluorescence (λex=549 nm, λem=565 nm).
MQAE, a fluorescent chloride ion indicator, is more sensitive and selective than 36Cl and microelectrode-based methods for chloride measurement in cells. MQAE is quenched via collision with chloride.
PE 154 is a potent fluorescent inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with IC50s of 280 pM and 16 nM respectively. PE 154 is commonly used to label β-amyloid plaques in histochemical analysis.
5(6)-FAM SE (5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) is an amine-reactive green fluorescent dye. 5(6)-FAM SE is widely used for labeling proteins or other molecules that contain a primary or secondary aliphatic amine.
2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (Diacetyldichlorofluorescein), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe, is useful for the detection of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for the determination of the degree of overall oxidative stress.
Monochlorobimane (mBBr) is a fluorescent dye with a λex value of 380 nm and a λem value of 470 nm.Monochlorobimane can be used to measure glutathione (GSH) in cells.
Hoechst 33258 trihydrochloride (Bisbenzimide) is a benzimidazole anti-filarial agent. it is fluorescent when it binds to certain nucleotides in DNA, thus providing a tool for the study of DNA replication. it also interferes with mitosis.
1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent probe. It possesses a highly specific reactivity towards singlet oxygen forming an endoperoxide which decomposes to give 1,2-dibenzoylbenzene. 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran can detect the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
5-IAF is a fluorescein derivative of indoleacetamide, a fluorescent probe that can be used to label proteins and others containing free thiols (cysteine side chains). 5-IAF can label the catalytic (alpha) subunit of dog kidney Na,K-ATPase.