cytometry

6-CFDA (6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate) is fluorescent polyanionic probe that used to measure changes in intracellular pH (pHi) and processes such as dendrimer aggregation and absorption.

5(6)-CFDA (5-(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate) is a cell-permeant esterase substrate that can serve as a viability probe that measures both enzymatic activities, which is required to activate its fluorescence, and cell-membrane integrity, which is required for intracellular retention of their fluorescent product.

2-NBDG is a fluorescent indicator for direct glucose uptake measurement. It is an indicator of cell viability.

JC-1 (CBIC2) is a fluorescent lipophilic cyanine dye. JC-1 is used to measure mitochondrial membrane potential. When the mitochondrial membrane potential is high, JC-1 aggregates into polymers within the matrix, emitting red fluorescence (λex=585 nm, λem=590 nm). When the mitochondrial membrane potential is low, JC-1 fails to aggregate within the mitochondrial matrix and exists as monomers, emitting green fluorescence (λex=510 nm, λem=527 nm).

PKH 26 is a red-fluorescent membrane dye, Ex/Em=551/567 nm.PKH 26 is commonly used in flow cytometry to measure T cell-mediated cytotoxic activity.

GLF16 FA is a fluorescent SBB analogue for rapid detection of senescent cells using flow cytometry and live cell sorting.

Alexa fluor 647 NHS ester (L-5-Hydroxytryptophan-d3) is a photostable far-red fluorescent dye used in imaging and flow cytometry to generate stable signals for protein labeling, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other primary amine-containing molecules.

BODIPY FL prazosin is a fluorescent α1-adrenergic antagonist with binding affinities of Ki: 14.5 nM for α1a-AR and Ki: 43.3 nM for α1b-AR, used to study subcellular localization differences in α1-adrenoceptor subtypes.

GLF16 is a hydrophilic fluorescent SBB analog and robustly identifies senescence. It enables the use of flow cytometry and live cell sorting for rapid senescent cell detection. GLF16 is suitable for in vivo identification, isolation, and downstream characterization of senescent cell populations at the single-cell level in various biological materials.

C12FDG (5-Dodecanoylaminofluorescein di-beta-D-Galactopyranoside) is used as a lipophilic green fluorescent substrate for detecting beta-galactose activity, a green fluorescent substrate, is a senescence marker and is often used in conjunction with flow cytometry.

6-FITC is a commonly used green fluorescent labeling dye and a fluorescein isothiocyanate derivative with excitation and emission wavelengths of 495 nm and 520 nm, respectively. 6-FITC can covalently bind to amino groups in proteins, antibodies, or peptides, making it suitable for a variety of applications, including flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and tissue section staining. Since FITC itself is not cell-permeable, it is typically used to label surface antigens on live cells; however, it can also be used for intracellular protein detection after cell fixation or permeabilization.

Fluo-4 AM is a cell-permeable calcium ion (Ca²⁺) fluorescent indicator/chemical probe suitable for fluorescence imaging, flow cytometry, and plate screening, with an excitation wavelength of approximately 488 nm and an emission wavelength of 512–520 nm.

5(6)-FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate), or Fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate, is a versatile amine-reactive derivative of fluorescein dye. It serves as an effective label for antibodies and other probes, finding utility in fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence-based assays such as ELISA and Western blotting.

Sulfo-Cy3 NHS ester TEA (146368-16-3 free base) is a sulfonated cyanine-based fluorescent labeling reagent with an excitation wavelength of approximately 550 nm and an emission wavelength of approximately 570 nm. Sulfo-Cy3 NHS ester TEA can be used as an amine-reactive fluorescent probe for labeling biomolecules such as antibodies, proteins, peptides, and nucleic acid probes. Sulfo-Cy3 NHS ester TEA is also suitable for applications including immunofluorescence staining, in situ hybridization, and flow cytometry analysis.

Cyanine3 NHS Ester Chloride is an amine-reactive orange-red fluorescent dye and the NHS ester derivative of Cyanine3, supplied as a chloride salt. Its N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester reacts efficiently with primary amines on proteins, antibodies, or other biomolecules under neutral to slightly basic conditions, forming stable amide bonds. This dye is widely used for cellular labeling, flow cytometry, and biomolecular staining studies.

CY7-SE is a CY7-derived dye with excitation/emission wavelengths of 750/775 nm. CY7 (Sulfo-Cyanine7) is an amine-reactive near-infrared (NIR) fluorophore with excitation/emission wavelengths of 745/800 nm, suitable for in vivo imaging, flow cytometry, antibody labelling, and nucleic acid detection, among other applications.

Fluo-3AM is a cell-permeable calcium ion fluorescent probe precursor. Its AM ester form crosses cell membranes and is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to generate Fluo-3, which specifically binds Ca²⁺ and enhances fluorescence signal. Fluo-3AM is widely used to monitor intracellular calcium concentration changes and calcium signal transduction processes.

Fluorescein di(β-D-galactopyranoside) is a fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase (λem=535 nm, λex=485 nm).

Hoechst 33258 analog 5 is a DNA minor groove binding fluorescent dye. It binds A/T-rich regions with strong blue emission, used for nuclear imaging and cell cycle quantification in flow cytometry.

Galactose-PEG-Cy3 is a Cy3-labeled Galactose-PEG conjugate. The Cy3 fluorophore is frequently used in applications such as immunolabeling, nucleic acid labeling, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. Cy3's maximum emission wavelength ranges from approximately 562-570 nm. Galactose-PEG enhances cellular uptake of drugs and reduces endosomal degradation, making it valuable for drug delivery.

Chitosan-PEG-Cy3 is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines the Cy3 fluorescent dye with Chitosan and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Cy3 fluorophores are frequently utilized in applications like immunolabeling, nucleic acid labeling, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry. The maximum emission wavelength of Cy3 is approximately 562-570 nm. Chitosan exhibits antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi.