vasoactive intestinal peptide

Vasoactive intestinal peptide is an agonist of VPAC1/VPAC2 receptors (G protein-coupled receptors). In a model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced keratitis, it reduces corneal perforation rates, decreases bacterial load, and inhibits excessive neutrophil infiltration. It enhances anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10 and TGF-β while suppressing pro-inflammatory factors like IL-1β and TNF-α, and upregulates lipid mediator-related enzymes (SOCS3, COX-2, ALOX12) to facilitate inflammation resolution. Vasoactive intestinal peptide shows promise for the research of ocular infectious diseases.

Aviptadil (INN) is an analog of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) Guinea pig TFA, a trophic and mitogenic factor, promotes growth in cultured whole embryos and acts as a gastrointestinal hormone, while also indicating potential neurotransmitter functions [1] [2].

Aviptadil Acetate (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide acetate salt) induces pulmonary vasodilation and inhibits the proliferation of vascular SMCs and platelet aggregation. Avitadil acetate can be used for research on pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension (PAH), and respiratory failure caused by SARS-CoV-2.

[D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP acetate is a competitive and selective antagonist of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor (IC50 = 125.8 nM).

VIP(6-28)(human, rat, porcine, bovine) acetate is an antagonist of the actions of exogenous vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor on cAMP in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG).

Ro 25-1553 is a 31-amino acid analog of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) that functions as an agonist for the VIP2 receptor (VPAC2 receptor). In guinea pig models, Ro 25-1553 exhibits bronchodilator effects on tracheal smooth muscle contraction induced by neural stimuli or Carbachol.

PACAP-related peptide (PRP) is an endogenous 29-amino acid peptide that belongs to the secretin/glucagon superfamily of peptides, which includes secretin , glucagon , glucagon-like peptide-1 , GLP-2 , and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide . It is expressed in normal human pancreas and adrenal gland tissue and in some tumors that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). PRP (1-29) is secreted by CHO-K1 cells that express human recombinant preproPACAP.

[Ac-Tyr1,D-Phe2]GRF 1-29, amide (human) is an analog of GRF and a vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) antagonist.

[D-p-Cl-Phe6,Leu17]-VIP TFA acts as a competitive and selective antagonist of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor, with an IC50 of 125.8 nM, and shows no activity on glucagon, secretin, or growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) receptors [1] [2] [3].

[K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27) (acetate) is an acetate salt form of the peptide [K15,R16,L27]VIP(1-7)/GRF(8-27), acting as a selective agonist for the VIP 1 receptor with IC50 values of 2 nM for human VIP 1, 1 nM for rat VIP 1, and 30,000 nM for rat VIP 2 receptors. The peptide's acronym, VIP, stands for Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide.

PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) is an antagonist for the PACAP receptor, inhibiting the catecholamine response of the canine adrenal gland to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), making it a valuable compound for research into cardiovascular and neurological disorders [1].

Vasomera, a stable, long-acting vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) agonist, targets G-protein-coupled VPAC2 receptors and is employed in the study of cardiomyopathy associated with dystrophinopathies [1].

PACAP (1-38) free acid TFA, an endogenous neuropeptide, effectively enhances antral motility and somatostatin secretion, while concurrently suppressing gastrin secretion and promoting the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin-releasing peptide, and substance P. Additionally, it amplifies N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression via RACK1 [1] [2].

PACAP (1-38) free acid, an endogenous neuropeptide, potently modulates gastrointestinal and neuroendocrine functions. It enhances antral motility, increases somatostatin secretion, and stimulates the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, gastrin releasing peptide, and substance P, while concurrently inhibiting gastrin secretion. Additionally, it augments N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor function and upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression via RACK1 [1] [2].

Helospectin II, a member of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family, exhibits vasodilatory and antihypertensive properties that reduce blood pressure. This neuropeptide was initially isolated from the venom of the salivary glands of the Heloderma suspectum lizard [1] [2].

Helospectin I, a neuropeptide belonging to the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) family, exhibits vasodilatory and antihypertensive properties, effectively reducing blood pressure. It was initially isolated from the salivary gland venom of the lizard Heloderma suspectum [1] [2].

Acetyl-(D-Phe2,Lys15,Arg16,Leu27)-VIP(1-7)-GRF(8-27) is a selective antagonist for the vasoactive intestinal peptide 1 (VIP 1) receptor.

KS-133 is a selective and potent antagonist of the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), exhibiting IC50 values of 24.8 nM in intracellular calcium influx assays and 500 nM in cAMP assays. This compound plays a crucial role in research on schizophrenia.

KS-133 TFA is a selective and potent antagonist of the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 (VIPR2), exhibiting IC50 values of 24.8 nM in Ca2+ influx assays and 500 nM in cAMP assays. It plays a significant role in research on schizophrenia.

DSPE-PEG1000-VIP is a PEG compound composed of DSPE and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). It can be utilized for drug delivery.

DSPE-PEG2000-VIP is a PEG-based compound composed of DSPE and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This compound is useful for drug delivery applications.

DSPE-PEG3400-VIP is a PEG compound composed of DSPE and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). It can be utilized for drug delivery applications.

PACAP (1-38), a novel neuropeptide isolated from the bovine hypothalamus is more active than vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in stimulating adenylate cyclase (EC50=7 nM). PACAP 1-38 (10-9 M) increased substance P (SP), gastrin releasing peptide (GRP),