paw

BAY-1797 is an orally active and selective P2X4 antagonist (IC50: 211 nM against human P2X4) with anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. BAY-1797 displays no or very weak activity on the other P2X ion channels.

Taraxasterol acetate has anti-inflammatory activity in bino rats against carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant induced inflammations. Taraxasterol acetate also displays potential antibacterial activities.

7-Methoxyflavone isolated from Zornia brasiliensis with antinociceptive effects.

MLT-943 is a potent, selective, and orally active MALT1 protease inhibitor [1].

PAWI-2 functions as both a p53 activator and a Wnt inhibitor. It suppresses β3-KRAS signaling independently of KRAS and selectively inhibits the phosphorylation of TBK1. Additionally, PAWI-2 triggers apoptosis (activation of caspase-3/7) and induces PARP cleavage. It facilitates the translocation of retinoblastoma protein into the nucleus, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest. PAWI-2 reverses the cancer stem cell-like properties of KRAS-dependent human pancreatic cancer stem cells (hPCSC) and overcomes drug resistance. Moreover, it inhibits the growth of hPCSC tumors in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model.

NSC15520 is a replication protein A (RPA) inhibitor that inhibits the binding of Rad9-GST and p53-GST fusion proteins to the N-terminal DNA-binding domain (DBD) of RPA, inhibits helical destabilization of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) oligonucleotides, and can be used to study DNA damage repair.

Furaprofen is an orally available, selective and potent HCV inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity, inhibits carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats and inhibits cotton pellet-induced granulomas in rats at higher doses.

AA 2379 is an orally available antirheumatic agent with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity that dose-dependently inhibits complement-mediated yeast glycan-induced paw edema in rats and yeast glycan-activated serum-induced peritonitis in mice.

Aligeron, a non-selective prostaglandin (PG) antagonist, inhibits PGF2α- and PGE2-induced blood pressure decreases in cats and can prevent PGF2α-induced diarrhea in mice and PGE2-induced paw edema in rats. Additionally, Aligeron is recognized for its antioxidant-protective effect against vascular complications.

Zoliprofen is a potent and orally available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activity, and inhibits carobolin, mycobacterium, and knife-ball protein A-induced rat paw oedema, as well as anti-rat serum-induced fracture or dorsal skin oedema. Zoliprofen is 20 times more effective than ibuprofen and fenoprofen against collagen- or arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation in rats and rabbits. Zoliprofen was 20 times more effective than ibuprofen and fenoprofen in inhibiting endotoxin-induced diarrhoea in mice and arachidonic acid-induced acute mortality in rabbits.

Dextran (Dextran 40) inhibits platelet aggregation and coagulation factors, can partially replace whole blood during transfusion, and is commonly used as a plasma volume expander; it can also be used in paw edema models.

Arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyt) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 essential fatty acid that serves as a major component of biological membranes and animal phospholipids. It is synthesized from dietary linoleic acid and acts as a precursor to lipid mediators such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes. Arachidonic acid can improve cognitive responses and cardiovascular function and is commonly used to induce paw edema models.

BPD is a COX-2 and TAK1-NF-κB inhibitor with an IC50 of 18.5 μM for COX-2. It suppresses the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β at the transcriptional level. BPD possesses anti-inflammatory properties and can inhibit carrageenan-induced paw edema as well as LPS-induced septic death.

Anti-inflammatory agent 96 (Compound 5) is a potent anti-inflammatory compound. It effectively reduces ear edema induced by TPA and paw edema caused by CFA.

COX-2-IN-58 is a COX-2 inhibitor that demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in Balb/C mice. COX-2-IN-58 is useful for inflammation research.

EP4 receptor antagonist 8 is an orally active EP4 receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 6.40 nM in humans. This compound significantly reduces paw and joint swelling, infiltration of inflammatory cells, cartilage damage, pannus formation, and bone erosion in a dose-dependent manner in arthritis (AIA) mice. EP4 receptor antagonist 8 is useful for research on inflammatory pain.

COX-2-IN-63 (Compound 6k) is an orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.89 μM. It reduces levels of inflammatory mediators PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-6. In a rat paw edema model, COX-2-IN-63 effectively alleviates acute inflammation with a lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects. This compound is suitable for anti-inflammatory research.

NLRP3-IN-85 (compound 5d) is a potent inhibitor of NLRP3 that operates independently of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). It protects mitochondria from oxidative stress and inflammatory damage while inhibiting key inflammatory factors (NO, TNF-α, IL-6). NLRP3-IN-85 alleviates acute lung injury in mice and reduces paw edema in rats, making it useful for acute lung injury (ALI) research.

QND8 is a selective and potent agonist of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). It alleviates thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia in carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain in mice. QND8 also reduces paw swelling, inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory factors at inflammation sites, and prevents leukocyte infiltration. It is applicable in research on inflammatory and neurological diseases, like arthritis.

Lotifazole (F 1686) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. At low doses, it specifically inhibits delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions without relying on the prostaglandin synthesis inhibition pathway. At higher doses, Lotifazole significantly alleviates carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats, UV-induced erythema in guinea pigs, and pleurisy. Lotifazole can be utilized in the study of T cell-mediated diseases.

COX-2-IN-61 is an orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 22 µM. It also inhibits COX-1 with an IC50 of 43 µM. In the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, COX-2-IN-61 demonstrates anti-inflammatory effects and exhibits a good safety profile, making it suitable for inflammation research.

Antrafenine (Stakane) dihydrochloride is a non-narcotic analgesic. It demonstrates central analgesic effects in both the acetic acid writhing test and the hot plate test in mice. This compound significantly alleviates osteoarthritis pain and exhibits mild anti-inflammatory activity in a rat paw edema model. Antrafenine dihydrochloride is applicable for analgesic and anti-inflammatory research.

VUF-10214 is an H4 receptor-ligand. VUF-10214 has significant anti-inflammatory properties in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in vivo studies in the rat reveal.

KT109 is a selective inhibitor of DAGLβ (IC50 = 42 nM). KT109-treated wild-type mice displayed reductions in LPS-induced allodyni as well as in DAGL-β (-/-) micea. Repeated KT109 administration prevented the expression of LPS-induced allodynia, without ev