fish

Squalane is a lipid found in some fish oils (especially shark liver oil) and some vegetable oils. It has anticancer and antioxidant properties and is used as a skin moisturizer and emollient.

Dimethylmalonic acid(2,2-Dimethylmalonic acid) is a short-chain dicarboxylic acid found in human serum that can be used to prevent or retard denaturation of fish actinomyosin in freezing buffer solution (pH 7).

Stearamide(Stearic acid amide) is a primary fatty acid amide that is cytotoxic and fish toxic and can be used to increase the properties of nanoparticles.

Chitin is a large, structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi, the exoskeletons of insects, and certain hard structures in fish and invertebrates.

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

Astaxanthin (trans-Astaxanthin) is a keto-carotenoid in the terpenes class of chemical compounds. It is classified as a xanthophyll but it is a carotenoid with no vitamin A activity. It is present in most red-colored aquatic organisms. Astaxanthin has shown to mediate anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. It may be found in fish feed or some animal food as a color additive.

L-aspartic acid potasium salt(VX-548) is an amino acid widely found in plants and animals.L-aspartic acid potasium salt drives the production of nitrogen oxides, which promotes phagocytosis and contributes to fish survival.L-aspartic acid potasium salt may stimulate antibiotics. The stimulatory effect may be related to precursors involved in aspartic acid-4-semialdehyde biosynthesis.

DL-Methionine (Acimetion) is an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks that our bodies use to make proteins. DL-Methionine is found in meat, fish, and dairy products. It plays an important role in the many functions within the body.

Trypsin is a serine protease that can be isolated from fish to hydrolyze lysine or arginine carboxy-side proteins. With the anti-inflammatory activity, Trypsin could induce the cell membrane fusion of PDCoV-infected cells through the interaction between the S glycoprotein of PDCoV and pAPN, activate PAR2 and PAR4, and promote cell proliferation and differentiation. Trypsin can be used to promote wound healing and study neurogenic inflammation.

Arachidic acid (Icosanoic Acid) is a saturated fatty acid found naturally in fish and vegetable oils (such as those from peanuts). It can also be formed by the hydrogenation of arachidonic acid. Diets rich in saturated fatty acids, such as arachidic acid, are known to increase serum low-density lipoproteins resulting in high blood cholesterol levels.

Dihydrotetrodecamycin, a fungal metabolite extracted from S. nashvillensis, exhibits antibacterial properties. It demonstrates activity against the fish-pathogenic bacterium P. piscicida.

Salicylcurcumin, a synthetic curcumin analogue with antioxidant activity, may influence lipid peroxidation in fish, enhancing survival, disease resistance, and growth rate [1].

Bromocyclen, an insecticide, has been detected in the muscle tissues of rainbow trout from Danish fisheries and in three types of fish (Gudgeon, Crucian carp, and Pike) from the Stör River in northern Germany. Concentrations found range from 0.09 to 1.23 mg kg of fat.