stress

Tauroursodeoxycholate (UR 906), also known as ursodoxicoltaurine, is a highly hydrophilic tertiary bile acid that is produced in humans at a low concentration. Tauroursodeoxycholate is the more hydrophilic form of ursodeoxycholic acid, which is the more abundant naturally produced bile acid in humans.Tauroursodeoxycholate is being investigated for use in several conditions such as Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), insulin resistance, amyloidosis, Cystic Fibrosis, Cholestasis, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Elimusertib (BAY-1895344) is a potent, highly selective, and orally available ATR inhibitor with an IC50 of 7 nM, demonstrating significant anti-tumor efficacy as a monotherapy and strong combination potential with targeted alpha therapy Radium-223 dichloride.

Thapsigargin is a natural product, an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and an endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer. Thapsigargin increases cytoplasmic calcium concentration by blocking the ability of cells to pump calcium into the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum.

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride (Leu-Leu-ome hydrochloride) is a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester produced by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential and also induces lysosomal stress.

Uric Acid (Lithic acid) is an oxidation product of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.

Arecoline hydrobromide (Arecoline HBr) is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist.

Allethrin induces oxidative stress, apoptosis and calcium release. Allethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide is a major mosquito repellent agent.

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

3-Bromopyruvic acid (Hexokinase II Inhibitor II, 3-BP) is a hexokinase II inhibitor with Ki of 2.4 mM for glycolysis hexokinase inhibition. It is inhibitor of tumour cell energy metabolism and chemopotentiator of platinum drugs.

Cesium chloride (CsCl) is considered to be the most toxic of the alkali chlorides, inhibiting fungal growth.

Naphthazarin (5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is effective by various cellular mechanisms including oxidative stress, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), depolymerization of microtubules, interference with lysosomal function and p53-dependent p21 activation. It triggers apoptosis and has anti-tumor effects

1, 5-Isoquinolinediol is an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARP1; IC50: 0.39 μM). The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) form a family of enzymes with roles in DNA repair and apoptosis. 1, 5-Isoquinolinediol has been used to study the role of

4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) (4-HNE) is an oxidative nitrosative stress biomarker. It is a substrate and an inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2).

Dinoprost (Prostaglandin F2a) is a naturally occurring prostaglandin. It is used in medicine to induce labor and as an abortifacient.

MK-1064 (Urokinase inhibitor 1) is a selective orexin 2 receptor antagonist (2-SORA).

L-Buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, a cell-permeable and irreversible inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (Ki <100 μM), induces oxidative stress in cells by depleting GSH.

Cyclo(his-pro) is an endogenous cyclic dipeptide that exerts oxidative damage protection by selectively activating the transcription factor Nrf2 signalling pathway.

Metipranolol (Betamann) is a type of β- Adrenergic receptors（ β- A potent antagonist of adrenergic receptor on guinea pig atria β 1- Adrenergic receptors and rat uterus β The 2-adrenergic receptor exhibited the beta blocking potentials (pA2) of 8.3 and 8.4, respectively. It is also a potent substituent in the 3H DHA binding assay, with a ligand concentration of 0.7 nM and a Ki of 39 ± 24 nM.

Vasicinone may act as a hepatoprotective agent. (±)-Vasicinone has significant antitussive, expectorant, and bronchodilating activities, which can be used to treat respiratory disease.(S)-Vasicinone exhibits antiproliferative activity against human gastric cancer cells MCG-803.

Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Oenin chloride) has antioxidant activity, alone is not oxidized in the presence of grape polyphenol oxidase. Malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride's color stabilization at a higher pH can be explained by self-aggregation of the flavylium cation and copigmentation with the Z-chalcone form.

Sulfuretin is a potent anti-oxidant, has protective effect against t-BHP-induced oxidative damage in human liver-derived HepG2 cells is attributable to its ability to scavenge ROS and up-regulate the activity of HO-1 through the Nrf2 ARE and JNK ERK signa

Dehydroandrographolide is a natural compound extracted from herbal medicine Andrographis paniculata (Burm f) Nees.

α-Thujone is an inhibitor of ACh with an IC50 value of 24.7μM.

Stresscopin-related peptide (human), a specific ligand for the type 2 CRH receptor, effectively suppresses food intake, delays gastric emptying, and decreases heat-induced edema. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis following stress, making it valuable in stress-related disease research [1].