gk 1

PSN-GK1 is a potent activator of glucokinase (EC50: 0.13 μM).

FKGK 18 is an inhibitor of group VIA (GVIA) calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2). It inhibits GVIA iPLA2 by 99.9% at 0.091 mole fraction in a mixed micelle activity assay and is selective for GVIA iPLA2 over GIVA cPLA2 and GV sPLA2 where it shows 80.8 and 36.8% inhibition, respectively. FKGK 18 inhibits iPLA2β activity in cytosolic extracts from INS-1 cells overexpressing iPLA2β (IC50 = ~50 nM) as well as iPLA2γ activity in mouse heart membrane fractions (IC50s = ~1-3 μM). It inhibits glucose-induced increases in prostaglandin E2 production and insulin secretion in human pancreatic islets when used at a concentration of 10 μM and inhibits thapsigargin-induced apoptosis in INS-1 cells overexpressing iPLA2β in a concentration-dependent manner. FKGK 18 (20 mg/kg, 3 times per week) reduces blood glucose levels in an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, decreases the incidence of diabetes, and increases serum insulin levels in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice.

Gacyclidine (OTO311) is a small molecule N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. Local injection of Gacyclidine in the cochlea inhibits salicylate-induced tinnitus and can be used to treat brain injury, spinal cord injury and tinnitus.

Acriflavine Hydrochloride (Acriflavine HCl) is a HIF-1α inhibitor. It acts by targeting HIF-1α-mediated pathways and decreasing the level of PGK1, VEGF, and HIF-1α in vitro and in vivo.

EMD638683 is a highly selective SGK1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 μM. EMD638683 (R-Form) is the R-form of this compound.

SGK1-IN-1 (compound 14n) is a highly potent SGK1 (Serum/Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinase 1) inhibitor, with inhibitory activities of 41 nm, 128 nm, and 310 nm against hSGK1/2/3 at 500 μM ATP, respectively, and can be used for studying SGK1-related cancers and metabolic diseases.

SGK1-IN-2 (14h) is a selective inhibitor of serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), with an IC50 of 5 nM at a 10 μM ATP concentration.

PT109 is a multikinase inhibitor that targets JNK and other kinases, playing a crucial role in anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, neurogenic, and synaptogenic processes. Specifically, PT109 inhibits JNK isoforms with the following IC50 values: JNK1 at 0.143 μM, JNK2 at 0.831 μM, and JNK3 at 0.285 μM. It also inhibits SGK isoforms (SGK1: IC50=1.34 μM; SGK2: IC50=5.6 μM; SGK3: IC50=26.4 μM) and ROCK2 (IC50=34 μM). Additionally, PT109 reprograms polymorphic glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) into oligodendroglia via the PTBP1/PKM1/2 pathway and alters the metabolic pattern of GBM to exhibit antiglioma activity.

NG 52 (NG-52) is a cell-permeable, reversible, and ATP-compatible inhibitor of the cell cycle-regulating kinase Cdc28p and the related Pho85p kinase.

Prostaglandin K1 (compound 46) is a structurally modified prostanoid analog with an EC50 and Ki of 2800 nM for the EP1 receptor.

SGK1-IN-6 (compound 12f) is an SGK1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.39 μM. In PC3 xenograft models using BALB/c nude mice, SGK1-IN-6 effectively hinders tumor growth without causing any observable toxicity.

SGK1-IN-3 hydrochloride (compound 3a) is an efficacious, orally bioavailable SGK1 inhibitor. The serine/threonine kinase SGK1 acts as an activator of the β-catenin pathway and strongly stimulates cartilage degradation, being upregulated under genomic control in diseased osteoarthritic cartilage. SGK1-IN-3 hydrochloride holds potential for osteoarthritis research.

PROTACSGK3degrader-2 is the cis-diastereomer of PROTACSGK3degrader-1 (SGK3-PROTAC1), featuring a cis-hydroxy group in its VH032 section, which prevents binding to the VHL E3 ligase. This compound inhibits SGK3, SGK1, and S6K1 with IC50 values of 0.6 μM, 1.4 μM, and 1.7 μM, respectively, but does not degrade SGK3. It serves as a control compound for studying the specific degradation effects mediated by SGK3-PROTAC1.

GSK 650394 is an inhibitor of serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinases (SGK) that inhibits SGK1 and SGK2 (IC50=62/103 nM). GSK 650394 has antitumor activity and also inhibits osteoclast differentiation and prevents bone loss.

FKGK11 is a potent inhibitor of GVIA iPLA2.

GK187 is a selective and potent Group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (GVIA iPLA2) inhibitor, used in the study of neurological disorders.

CBR-470-1 is a potent inhibitor of glycolytic phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) that activates NRF2 by increasing methylglyoxal levels. CBR-470-1 is a non-covalent Nrf2 activator with neuroprotective activity that protects SH-SY5Y neuronal cells from MPP+-induced cytotoxicity by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 cascade. cytotoxicity induced by MPP+.

URMC-099 is an orally bioavailable, brain penetrant MLK inhibitor (IC50: 19/42/14/150 nM, for MLK1/MLK2/MLK3/DLK), and also inhibits LRRK2 activity (IC50: 11 nM).

SGK1-IN-3 (compound 3a) is a potent serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (SGK1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of less than 1 μM, SGK1-IN-3 is applied in musculoskeletal research to explore SGK1-mediated signaling pathways and its potential role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention.

EMD638683,a novel SGK inhibitor with antihypertensive potency(with an IC50 of 3 μM).

Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate (GSK2140944 mesylate dihydrate) is an orally available triazaacenaphthylene antibiotic with antibacterial activity. Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate is an inhibitor of bacterial type II topoisomerase. Gepotidacin mesylate dihydrate inhibits bacterial DNA replication by blocking topoisomerase and can be used to study bacterial infection.

GK-128 hydrochloride is a 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) receptor antagonist and an anti-emetic.

ICI-185282 is a potent thromboxane receptor antagonist.

GK-136901 is a first-in-class, potent, and orally bioavailable NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (Nox4) inhibitor.