cell-radiation

Nimorazole (Nimorazol) is a nitroimidazole anti-infective.

DBIBB is a non-lipid agonist of specific lysophosphatidic acid (LPA2) type 2 G-protein-coupled receptor. It is a potentially active molecule for the treatment of acute radiation syndrome caused by high intensity gamma rays on hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. It is an intermediate in organic synthesis and drug research. DBIBB can be used to prepare various compounds that reduce gastrointestinal radiation syndrome, increase intestinal crypt survival and intestinal cell proliferation, and reduce cell apoptosis.

L-Histidine (L-(-)-Histidine) is a semi-essential amino acid (children should obtain it from food) needed in humans for growth and tissue repair, L-Histidine is important for maintenance of myelin sheaths that protect nerve cells and is metabolized to the neurotransmitter histamine. Histamines play many roles in immunity, gastric secretion, and sexual functions. L-Histidine is also required for blood cell manufacture and protects tissues against damage caused by radiation and heavy metals.

RGW 611, a morpholine derivative, enhances radiation effects and induces cell death in hypoxic V79-379A cells.

Recilisib, also known as ON 01210.Na, is a radioprotectant, which modifys cell cycle distribution patterns in cancer cells subjected to radiation therapy, and it has been identified as a potential candidate for radiation protection studies. It appears tha

CLZ-8 (Mcl1-IN-8) is an orally active inhibitor of Mcl-1-PUMA (p53 up-regulated mediator of apoptosis) with radioprotective properties.CLZ-8 ameliorates radiation-induced HUVEC cell damage and reduces apoptosis counts, and inhibits radiation-induced overexpression of PUMA.

Protoporphyrin IX disodium, as a radiation sensitizer, enhances the production of ROS and induces DNA damage even under hypoxic conditions. It also acts as a photosensitizer, undergoing direct degradation through photobleaching upon light exposure. This compound accumulates in rat tumor cells following administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). When activated with a peak wavelength of 405 nm, Protoporphyrin IX disodium selectively improves basal cell carcinoma. It shows promise in pharmacological research of sonodynamic and photodynamic therapy for cancers such as bladder cancer and nodular basal cell carcinoma.

IRF1-IN-2 is a small molecule inhibitor of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) that functions by reducing the binding affinity of IRF1 for the caspase-1 (CASP1) gene promoter. this inhibition subsequently suppresses critical cell death signaling pathways, such as pyroptosis, and provides robust protection against ionizing radiation-induced skin inflammatory damage in preclinical models.

IRF1-IN-1 (Compound I-2) is an IRF1 inhibitor that reduces IRF1 recruitment to the Caspase 1 promoter, inhibiting the cleavage of Caspase 1, GSDMD, IL-1, and PARP1, thereby protecting against skin inflammatory damage.

CRX 527 is a TLR4 ligand and serves as an adjuvant for peptide cancer vaccines, enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. CRX 527 also induces hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) differentiation, increasing the proportion and number of LSK cells, and promotes their differentiation into macrophages. This activation bolsters immune defense and protects intestinal epithelium from radiation damage.

dA-NHbenzylOCF3 is a DNA-targeting radiosensitizer that enhances tumor cell sensitivity to X-rays via the dissociative electron attachment (DEA) mechanism. It exhibits low toxicity to normal cells and primarily localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus after cellular entry. The compound induces radiosensitization by causing cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, which is sensitive to radiation. dA-NHbenzylOCF3 is applicable in research on radiosensitization for malignant tumors such as prostate and breast cancer.

MXC-017 is an apoptosis inducer capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, specifically targeting glioma stem cells (GSCs). It effectively prevents the formation of radiation-induced GSCs while promoting G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. With minimal off-target effects, MXC-017 exhibits no significant cytotoxicity even at concentrations up to 10 µM. Additionally, it significantly extends the median survival in patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) glioblastoma (GBM) mouse models when used in conjunction with radiation therapy.

Fluacrypyrim is an ester-based acaricide and functions as a STAT3 inhibitor. It significantly enhances the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and suppresses leukemia cell growth by inducing substantial G1 phase arrest and significantly reducing the levels of cyclin D1 protein and mRNA. Fluacrypyrim selectively inhibits the STAT3 signaling pathway, leading to growth arrest and apoptosis in STAT3-dependent cancer cells. It mainly alleviates radiation-induced hematopoietic system damage by preventing apoptosis in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Additionally, fluacrypyrim exhibits notable analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting uterine smooth muscle contraction and inflammatory responses.

TPP-IOA is a cytochrome c peroxidase inhibitor. It prevents apoptosis by blocking cardiolipin oxidation and the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. TPP-IOA interferes with oxidative phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria. It inhibits cell death of SH-SY5Y cells in glucose medium but is ineffective in galactose medium. Additionally, TPP-IOA induces mitochondrial depolarization and network fragmentation, and it reduces radiation-induced mortality in mice.

Isometronidazole (RO-07-1502) is a chemical compound. The chemical compound is a derivative of the nitroimidazole family. Its molecular formula is C6H9N3O3. Isometronidazole can actually be used in the treatment of radiation therapy. The compound is known as a hypoxic cell sensitizer (radiosensitizer), increasing the efficacy of radiation treatment. Isometronidazole (RO-07-1502), a nitroimidazole derivative with the molecular formula C6H9N3O3, acts as a hypoxic cell sensitizer (radiosensitizer) in radiation therapy, enhancing the efficacy of the treatment.

MitoEbselen-2 is a radiation mitigator which reduces lipid hydroperoxides and prevents apoptotic cell death. When administered 24 hours postirradiation, MitoEbselen-2 was shown to increase the survival of mice exposed to whole body γ-irradiation.

Motexafin gadolinium, also known as PCI 0120, is a synthetic metallotexaphyrin with radiosensitizing and chemosensitizing properties. Motexafin gadolinium accumulates in tumor cells preferentially due to their increased rates of metabolism, generating rea

FSL-1 TFA, a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6) agonist derived from bacteria, bolsters resistance against experimental HSV-2 infection[1] and stimulates MMP-9 production via the TLR2 and NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathways in monocytic THP-1 cells[2].

CAY10721 is an inhibitor of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a class III HDAC (39% SIRT3 inhibition at 200 μM). Upregulation of SIRT3 transcription is associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and breast cancer with lymph node involvement, while SIRT3 down-regulation inhibits the growth of OSCC cells and sensitizes them to radiation and chemotherapy.

INO-1001 is a potent, selective poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with antitumor activity.INO-1001 is a potent radiosensitization enhancer that uses interference with DNA repair mechanisms to enhance radiation-induced cell killing and necrotic cell death.

10-Formyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid (CB3717) is a water-soluble analog of folic acid, also known as folate. Folate is a member of the B-vitamin family, which plays a supporting role in a number of key biochemical reactions in the body, including RNA and DNA synthesis. Made up of pteridine, para-aminobenzoic acid, and glutamate, 10-Formyl-5,8-dideazafolic acid is a compound that inhibits de novo folate metabolism. It induces cell cycle arrest at phase G(1)-S, disrupts repair of cells damaged by radiation, and induces apoptosis.

Denibulin (MN-029) is a novel vascular-disrupting agent that reversibly inhibits microtubule assembly, resulting in disruption of the cytoskeleton of tumor vascular endothelial cells. The results of preclinical study demonstrated that MN-029 could cause rapid vascular shutdown in solid tumors, dose-dependent secondary tumor cell killing, and effective enhancement of the antitumor effects of radiation and cisplatin chemotherapy.

SU-11752 is a potent and selective DNA-PK inhibitor. Inhibition kinetics and a direct assay for ATP binding showed that SU11752 inhibited DNA-PK by competing with ATP. SU11752 inhibited DNA double-strand break repair in cells and gave rise to a five-fold sensitization to ionizing radiation. At concentrations of SU11752 that inhibited DNA repair, cell cycle progression was still normal and ATM kinase activity was not inhibited.

RK33 (RK 33) is a first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of DDX3 (a RNA helicase) and causes G1 cell cycle arrest, induces apoptosis, and promotes radiation sensitization in DDX3-overexpressing cells.