Liquiritin (Liquiritigenin-4'-O-glucoside) (LIQ) is a main component among the licorice flavonoids, and possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer abilities.

Glycycoumarin is an estrogen agonist, it shows moderate inhibitory effects against CYP1A2 and CYP2B6.

Glycyrrhisoflavone is a tyrosinase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory effects. Glycyrrhisoflavone inhibits α-glucosidase and monoamine oxidase.

Licochalcone D may be a potential drug for human melanoma treatment by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and blocking cell migration and invasion. Licochalcone D has cardioprotective potential against myocardial is

Glabridin (KB-289522) may serve as an anti-inflammatory agent in diabetes-related vascular dysfunction, through regulating the synthesis and activity of iNOS under high-glucose levels; may possess a therapeutic effect on metabolic disorders( such as diabetes and hyperglycemia), by modulating glucose metabolism through AMPK in skeletal muscle cells. Glabridin may have potential as a chemopreventive agent against liver Y metastasis, by inhibiting the invasion of human HCC cells.

5-Methylcytosine is a methylated nucleotide base found in eukaryotic DNA. It is an epigenetic modification formed by the action of DNA methyltransferases.

Liquiritigenin (4',7-Dihydroxyflavanone), a flavonoid aglycone from licorice, is a highly selective estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist.

Licoflavone C (4',5,7-Trihydroxy-8-prenylflavone) is an isoprenoid-based flavonoid compound isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata, which possesses antioxidant and antifungal activities, and is known to have a protective effect against DAU or MMC-induced chromosome damage in cultured human peripheral lymphocytes. Licoflavone C can be used to study fungal infections.

Echinatin (Retrochalcone) is extracted from licorice and is a natural chalcone. Echinatin has a wide range of biological activities including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial infections, and attenuates lung damage.

Gossypin has antidiabetic, antioxdiant, anticonvulsant, anti-allergic, antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities; it inhibits the NF-kappaB activation pathway, which may explain its role in the suppression of inflammation,

Glycyrrhizic acid (Glycyrrhizin), the active ingredient in licorice, is a triterpene saponins and an antagonist of HMGB1. Glycyrrhizic acid has the potential to be used in cancer, diabetes and other research.

Licoflavone B has schistosomicidal activity, it showed high S. mansoni ATPase (IC50 of 23.78 μM) and ADPase (IC50 of 31.50 μM) inhibitory activities.

Licoisoflavone A (Phaseoluteone) is an MRP inhibitor and inhibits lipid peroxidation with an IC50 of 7.2 μM.

Licoricesaponin G2, a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from Glycyrrhiza aspera, can be used to differentiate crude liquorice from honey-processed liquorice.

Aminomalonic acid is an amino endogenous metabolite that acts as a potent inhibitor of L-asparagine synthetase from Leukemia 5178Y/AR and mouse pancreas in vitro (Leukemia 5178Y/AR: Ki= 0.0023 M, mouse pancreas: Ki= 0.0015 M). It has the potential to be used as a biomarker to distinguish between different stages of melanoma metastasis.

1. Licochalcone B (LCB) inhibits the proliferation of human malignant bladder cancer cell lines (T24 and EJ) in vitro and antitumor activity in vivo in MB49 (murine bladder cancer cell line) tumor model. 2. LCB and Licochalcone D(LCD) significantly reduce

Isoliquiritin apioside, isolated from Glycyrrhizae radix rhizome, significantly decreases PMA-induced increases in MMP9 activities and suppresses PMA-induced activation of MAPK and NF-κB. Isoliquiritin apioside auppresseses invasiveness and angiogenesis o

Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) is a flavonoid natural product that inhibits influenza virus replication (EC50=24.7 μM) and aldose reductase activity (IC50=320 nM). Isoliquiritigenin has antitumor activity.

Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-β-D-glucuronide is a potent sweetener (relative sweetness to sucrose: x 941).

Tabersonine (Tabersonin)is a terpene indole alkaloid found in the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus.

Licochalcone A is a flavonoid isolated from the famous Chinese medicinal herb Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch with obvious anti-cancer effects.

18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (Enoxolone) is the major bioactive component of Glycyrrhizae Radix and possesses anti-ulcerative, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties.

18α-Glycyrrhetinic acid (Enoxolone) is an inhibitor of NF-kB and an activator of the proteasome, and functions as a longevity-promoting and anti-aggregation factor in multicellular organisms. It induces apoptosis.

Phenyl-ac-Gly-OH is an endogenous metabolite that activates β2AR and can be used in the study of ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury.