sulfhydryl

N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) is a protein modification agent that introduces thiol-groups into protein molecules and adds sulfhydryl groups in a protected form to proteins and other amine-containing molecules for later reaction with sulfhydryl reactive crosslinkers such as Sulfo-SMCC, Sulfo-MBS, etc.

2,2′-Dipyridyl disulfide (Aldrithiol 2) is a useful reagent for the determination of sulfhydryl groups. It acts as a peptide coupling reagent and as an oxidizing agent. 2,2′-Dipyridyl disulfide (Aldrithiol 2) is also used for the activation of glycosides.

N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) is a reagent for alkylation of free sulfhydryl groups, a cysteine protease inhibitor used in experimental biochemistry. N-Ethylmaleimide is also a deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitor that specifically inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria.

Tinidazole (CP12574)a is a 5-nitroimidazole derivative with the antiprotozoal property. Although the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated, it has been suggested that tinidazole is metabolized and yields nitrite anions and metronidazole. Metronidazole's nitro group, in turn, is reduced via the parasite ferredoxin, thereby generating a series of free nitro radicals including nitro anions. Toxicity is achieved via depletion of sulfhydryl groups and DNA strand breaks with multiple hits having an additive effect and ultimately leading to cell death.

Glutathione oxidized (L(-)-Glutathione) is a GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.

Sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (Uromitexan) is a sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from antineoplastic agents, such as ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide.

Perindopril erbumine (S9490-3) is the tert-butylamine salt of perindopril, the ethyl ester of a non-sulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antihypertensive activity. Upon hydrolysis, Perindopril erbumine (S9490-3) is converted to its active form perindoprilat, inhibiting ACE and the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II; consequently, angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and angiotensin II-stimulated aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex are inhibited and diuresis and natriuresis ensue.

Tiopronin (Acadione), a sulfhydryl acylated derivative of glycine, leads to a reduction in urinary cystine concentration and subsequently reduces cystine stone formation.

AMAS is a non-claevable heterobifunctional crosslinker with NHS ester and maleimide groups that enables covalent conjugation of amine- and sulfhydryl-containing molecules.

Cytochalasin A, a cell-permeable fungal toxin and oxidized derivative of cytochalasin B, is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (IC50 = 3 μM). It inhibits actin polymerization, interferes with microtubule assembly by reacting with sulfhydryl groups, and serves as an antibiotic and bactericidal active agent.

Helenalin is a selective inhibitor of transcription factor NF-κB by direct targeting of p65. It is an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone compound with alkylating activity. Through its ability to target the cysteine sulfhydryl groups in the p65 subunit of NF-κB, helenalin effectively inhibits its DNA binding.

Ilaprazole sodium (IY-81149 sodium) , a substituted benzimidazole prodrug, is a selective and irreversible proton pump inhibitor. A weak base, Ilaprazole accumulates in the acidic environment of the secretory canaliculus of the gastric parietal cell where it is converted to an active sulfenamide form that binds to cysteine sulfhydryl groups on the luminal aspect of the proton pump hydrogen-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+ K+ ATPase), thereby inhibiting the pump's activity and the parietal cell secretion of H+ ions into the gastric lumen, the final step in gastric acid production.

DM4-SPDP, a drug-linker conjugate, integrates the antitubulin agent DM4 with the linker SMCC, facilitating the creation of antibody drug conjugates[1]. Additionally, SPDP serves as a short-chain crosslinker enabling amine-to-sulfhydryl conjugation, leveraging NHS-ester and pyridyldithiol groups to establish cleavable (reducible) disulfide bonds with cysteine sulfhydryls[2][3].

Sulfo-SMCC sodium, a widely utilized non-cleavable, hetero-bifunctional crosslinker for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), features both N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and maleimide groups. These functionalities enable it to specifically react with primary amines and sulfhydryl groups, respectively.

MTSEA hydrobromide is a sulfhydryl-reactive compound that modifies free cysteine residues, producing a positively charged side chain similar in size to lysine.

Sulfo-SMPB sodium is a non-cleavable, heterobifunctional chemical cross-linking reagent that combines N-hydroxysuccinimide ester and maleimide groups, enabling the covalent conjugation of molecules possessing (amine) and (sulfhydryl) functionalities.

SBA crosslinker is a sulfhydryl and amino reactive heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent. SBA protein crosslinker is non-cleavable and is among the shortest amine and sulfhydryl reactive crosslinking reagents known with a spacer arm length of on

SMPB crosslinker is a heterobifunctional protein crosslinking reagent that is reactive toward sulfhydryl and amino groups. The SMPB protein crosslinker is an extended chain length analog of MBS crosslinker. SMPB crosslinker's spacer arm is non-cleavable.

Biotin-HPDP (Pyridyldithiol-biotin) is a sulfhydryl reactive biotinylation reagent.

Iodoacetyl-LC-Biotin (Iaa-Biotin) is a biotinylated and haloacetyl-activated sulfhydryl-responsive probe that forms irreversible thioether bonds at alkaline pH (7.5-8.5), is membrane-permeable, and can be used to label protein cysteines and other sulfhydryl-containing molecules.

L-Albizziin (L-beta-Ureidoalanine) is a glutamase inhibitor and is a glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor.

Trandolaprilat is an inhibitor of non-sulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Sulfo-EMCS is a heterobifunctional sulfhydryl- and amine-reactive crosslinker.

Bucillamine (DE019) protects against Ischemia reperfusion injury in high-risk organ transplants and inhibits the production of VEGF. Bucillamine is an orally active sulfhydryl donor and antioxidant with antirheumatic and antiangiogenic properties. Bucillamine can be used for studies about choroidal neovascularization and rheumatoid arthritis.