penicillium

Penicilliumin A is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T125940 and the CAS number is 1393131-81-1.

Vinaxanthone (SM-345431) is a small molecule compound derived from Penicillium chrysogenum that acts as a selective and potent inhibitor of semaphorin3A, phospholipase C (PLC), and FabI, exhibiting antimicrobial activity by blocking intracellular fatty acid synthesis and inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus.

1. Lycobetaine (Ungeremine) is a potential biofungicide against Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus niger.2. Lycobetaine have strong antibacterial activity against Flavobacterium columnare . 3. Lycobetaine effectively targets mammalian as well as bacterial type I and type II topoisomerases.4. Lycobetaine shows strong acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity(IC(50) value of 0.35 microM). 5. Lycobetaine has antiprotozoal activity, it shows good activity in in vitro assays against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi.

Dihydropinosylvinin is an phytoalexin, it shows antifungal activity against Cladosporium cladosporioides, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium schlerotgenum, it also exhibits strong antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, S

Paxilline is an indole alkaloid mycotoxin from *Penicillium paxilli*, acting as a potent BK channel inhibitor via an almost exclusively closed-channel block mechanism. Paxilline possesses significant anticonvulsant activity.

Sorbicillin is a sorbic acid-like compound extracted from Penicillium, with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. It induces apoptosis in HL-60 cells and has potential neuroprotective activity, making it useful for studying neurological diseases.

Ochratoxin B is produced by a variety of Aspergillus and Penicillium species and is an analog of the mycotoxin Ochratoxin A, which can contaminate agricultural products.

Verruculogen, a toxin primarily produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus spp., inhibits Ca2+-activated K+ channels and acts as an M phase inhibitor of the mammalian cell cycle.

Viridicatol, with potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(MIC: 15.6 μg mL), is isolated from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. R22 in Nerium indicum.

Chaetoglobosin A, the active compound extracted of Penicillium aquamarinium, is a member of the cytochalasan family. It preferentially induces apoptosis.

Citreoviridin, a toxin from Penicillium citreoviride NRRL 2579, inhibits brain synaptosomal Na+ K+-ATPase while significantly stimulating both Na+ K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities in microsomes in a dose-dependent manner.

Penicillic acid, a polyketide mycotoxin, synthesized by various species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, acts as an inhibitor of Fas ligand-induced apoptosis by impeding self-processing of caspase-8. Additionally, in vitro studies have shown that Penicillic acid displays cytotoxic properties in rat alveolar macrophages.

Roquefortine C is a fungal cyclopeptide isolated from Penicillium roquefortii, activates P-gp and also inhibits P450-3A and other haemoproteins

Meleagrin, a roquefortine C-derived alkaloid produced by Penicillium fungi, serves as both a class of FabI inhibitors and a lead c-Met inhibitory entity for controlling c-Met-dependent metastatic and invasive breast malignancies. It exhibits antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities.

CC 1014 is a polypeptide antibiotic isolated from Penicillium lilacinum that inhibits phosphorylation of ADP, Mg ATPase.

PF-1163B is an antifungal agent form Penicillium sp. II. PF-1163B inhibits ergosterol (ERG) synthesis with IC50 value of 34 ng/ml. PF-1163B showed potent growth inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungal strain Candida albicans but did not show cytotox

Cyclochlorotine is a mycotoxin produced by Penicillium insularum, which can cause liver injury and has carcinogenic properties.

Carviolin is a natural product found in Penicillium purpureum, Pure Neobulgaria and Penicillium spp with moderately cytotoxic. Carviolin has antifungal, antibacterial or phytotoxic activity.

Sporogen-AO 1, a compound from the commensal fungus Penicillium sp. G1-a14, is an inhibitor of human inducible nitric oxide synthase expression with antimalarial activity and strong cytotoxicity.

Sclerotiorin is a natural product isolated primarily from Penicillium species. It inhibits soybean lipoxygenase-1 with an IC50 value of 4.2 μM. Sclerotiorin also exhibits a number of other activities including inhibition of cholesterol ester transfer protein (IC50 = 19.4 μM),, inhibition of Grb2-Shc interaction (IC50 = 22 μM),, and antagonism of endothelin receptors (IC50 = 114 and 152 μM for human ETA and ETB, respectively).

Penicillide is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Penicillium that has diverse biological activities. It is an inhibitor of calpain 2/m-calpain (IC50 = 7.1 μM) and acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT; IC50 = 22.9 μM). It is also an antagonist of oxytocin receptors (IC50 = 67 μM). Penicillide inhibits RNA synthesis in P388 murine leukemia cells.

Phenylpyropene A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from P. griseofulvum that has enzyme inhibitory and insecticidal activities.1,2,3 It inhibits acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT; IC50 = 0.8 μM).1 Phenylpyropene A inhibits diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) in rat liver microsomes (IC50 = 78.7 μM). It induces mortality in 100% of M. persicae when used at a concentration of 5 ppm.3 |1. Kwon, O.E., Rho, M.C., Song, H.Y., et al. Phenylpyropene A and B, new inhibitors of acyl-CoA: Cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Penicillium griseofulvum F1959. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 55(11), 1004-1008 (2002).|2. Lee, S.W., Rho, M.C., Choi, J.H., et al. Inhibition of diacylglycerol acyltransferase by phenylpyropenes produced by Penicillium griseofulvum F1959. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 18(11), 1785-1788 (2008).|3. Horikoshi, R., Goto, K., Mitomi, M., et al. Identification of pyripyropene A as a promising insecticidal compound in a microbial metabolite screening. J. Antibiot. (Tokyo) 70(3), 272-276 (2017).

Benzomalvin B is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Penicillium. It acts as an antagonist of neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptors, inhibiting binding of substance P by 24% in vitro when used at a concentration of 100 μg/ml.

Fulvic Acid is a natural product of humus produced by microorganisms in soil, sediment or aquatic environments. Fulvic acid is a phenolic acid and fungal metabolite isolated from Penicillium for the first time. Fulvic Acid inhibits the dimerization of amyloid b (17-42) (AB17-42), destroys the pre-formed trimer of AB17-42, and binds to the catalytic site of phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), which can regulate the body's immune system, affect the oxidation state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function. Fulvic Acid can be used as an oxidant or reducing agent and has the potential to study chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetes.