myocardial injury

NLRP3-IN-9 (INF-4E) is an inhibitor of NLRP3 ATPase and caspase-1. NLRP3-IN-9 acts by irreversibly trapping thiol nucleophiles, which prevents both ATP- and nigericin-triggered pyroptosis of human THP-1 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.

SSR69071 is a potent, orally active, and selective inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, displaying higher affinity for human elastase (Ki = 0.0168 nM) compared to rat (Ki = 3 nM), mouse (Ki = 1.8 nM), and rabbit (Ki = 58 nM) elastases [2]. It reduces myocardial infarct size following ischemia-reperfusion injury [1] and has potential for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, and various inflammatory diseases.

Gue1654 is a selective OXE-R inhibitor that attenuates coronary artery ligation-induced ischemic myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced injury in mice through activation of BCAT1.Gue1654 inhibits OXE-R-inhibited protein kinase C-ε (PKC-ε)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. Gue1654 can be used to study cardiovascular disease.

Libenzapril (CGS 16617) is a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used to study myocardial injury.

MMPP is a novel VEGFR2 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and potential anticancer activity, inhibits STAT3, inhibits angiogenesis via VEGFR2/AKT/ERK/NF-kappaB pathway, and can be used to alleviate myocardial injury.

Protectin D1 (Neuroprotectin D1) is a neuroprotectin produced by neuronal cells and is a potential cardioprotective agent.Protectin D1 attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and inhibits imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

LUF6096 (CF-602) is a potent allosteric enhancer of the adenosine A3 receptor, exhibiting the capability to enhance agonist binding allosterically while demonstrating low orthosteric affinity across adenosine receptors. It displays protective effects in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) is a vasodilator used in the treatment of angina pectoris.

1. trans-Cinnamaldehyde (Phenylacrolein) exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory activities and antidepressant-like effects in stressed mid-aged rats as a COX-2 inhibitor. 2. Cinnamic aldehyde induces apoptosis of CML cells in vitro, down-regulation of the expression and function of BCR-ABL may be one of its most important anti-leukemia mechanisms. 3. Cinnamic aldehyde and cinnamic acid are cardioprotective in a rat model of ischemic myocardial injury, the mechanism is related to anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties.

Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-glucose) is a natural product and a P2Y14 receptor agonist (EC50 = 0.35 μM) with endogenous activity and selectivity. It is used for studying mechanisms related to cardiac inflammation following myocardial infarction/reperfusion injury.

LS-102 is a selective inhibitor of the E3 ligase synoviolin (Syvn1), an astragaloside IV derivative, which attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondrial fission.LS-102 inhibits Syvn1 auto-ubiquitylation, which ameliorates amyloidazole-induced slowing of the heart rate, and is useful for studying cardiovascular diseases.

PD-166793 is an orally active, potent and selective MMP inhibitor with inhibitory effects on MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-13.PD-166793 ameliorates myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in a rat model of heart failure.PD-166793 is an orally active, potent and selective MMP inhibitor with inhibitory effects on MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-13.

VULM 1457 is a potent ACAT inhibitor. VULM 1457 has remarkable hypolipidaemic activity and improves the overall myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury outcomes. VULM1457 significantly reduces production and secretion of adrenomedullin (AM) and down-regulates AM receptors on human hepatoblastic cells.

KR-32568 is a sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE-1) inhibitor (IC50: 230 nM) with potent cardioprotective effects. At a concentration of 10 μM, it restored cardiac systolic function in an isolated ischemic rat heart model. Additionally, KR-32568 (0.3 mg/kg) reduced myocardial infarction size in a rat model of ischemia and reperfusion injury.

(Z)-Nexinhib20 is an isomei of Nexinhib20. Nexinhib20 is an inhibitor targeting Rab27a-JFC1 interactions (IC50: 2.6 μM) and Rac-1-GTP. It suppresses neutrophil exocytosis, adhesion, and β2 integrin activation, while exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. Nexinhib20 is applicable in research on systemic inflammation and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Diltiazem (CRD 401 free base) is an orally available L-type Ca2+ channel blocker with antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, and cardioprotective properties that prevent post-reperfusion myocardial injury, angina pectoris, and cardiovascular-related diseases.

OsMo is a lysosomal-targeting hNEU1 inhibitor utilized in the study of myocardial injury.

TNF-α/IL-1β-IN-1 (compound 11a) is an anti-inflammatory agent that effectively reduces the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, inhibits oxidative stress and myocardial cell apoptosis, and demonstrates significant activity against septic myocardial injury. Additionally, it improves myocardial blood flow in vivo.

1,3-Didocosahexaenoyl glycerol (DG(22:6/0:0/22:6)) is an ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that exhibits cardioprotective effects in a rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model through its interaction with Poly-l-glutamic acid (PGA).

AG-1478 (NSC-693255) (Tyrphostin AG-1478) is a selective EGFR inhibitor.

Hypoxia inducer-1 (Compound N6) is a NO donor compound that is orally active and activated under hypoxic conditions. It exhibits high selectivity in releasing NO, inhibiting apoptosis, necrosis, and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with hypoxia. It modulates vasodilation and shows protective effects in a mouse model of myocardial hypoxic injury, making it useful for coronary heart disease research.

mPTP-IN-1 (Compound 14e) is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). By targeting the C subunit of ATP synthase, mPTP-IN-1 prevents calcium-induced opening of the mPTP. This compound is applicable in studies related to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI).

Salvianolic acid A derivative-1 (Compound SAA-30) is an orally active derivative of Salvianolic acid A. It binds to transgelin with a KD of 2.39 μM and enhances cell contraction by promoting actin aggregation. This compound may be used for the prevention of myocardial ischemia or other diseases associated with ischemia-reperfusion (IR) tissue injury.

Troponin-IN-1 is a troponin inhibitor that protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes from OGD/R injury by reducing LDH leakage, pyroptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, it suppresses NO production and the release of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-18. Troponin-IN-1 functions through the caspase-1/GSDMD/IL-18 signaling pathway and reduces myocardial infarction size in a LAD-induced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) male rat model. It is a valuable compound for studying myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury.