intraocular pressure

Methazolamide (CL 8490) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.

Brinzolamide (AL-4862) is a Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the enzyme Carbonic Anhydrase.

DL-Adrenaline Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of the naturally occurring sympathomimetic amine with vasoconstricting, intraocular pressure-reducing activities.

Aceclidine (1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-3-yl acetate) is a modulator of M3 mAChR and can be used in studies about treating glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure.

Bromfenac sodium hydrate (Bromfenac monosodium salt sesquihydrate) is the sodium salt form of bromfenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Upon ophthalmic administration, bromfenac binds to and inhibits cyclooxygenase II (COX II), an enzyme that converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, which are prostaglandin (PG) precursors. By inhibiting PG formation, bromfenac prevents PG-induced inflammation, vasodilation, leukocytosis, disruption of the blood-aqueous humor barrier, increased vascular permeability, and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

Brimonidine Tartrate (AGN190342 tartrate) is a quinoxaline derivative and adrenergic α-2 receptor agonist (EC50: 0.45 nM) that is used to manage intraocular pressure associated with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

AL 34662 is a selective and potent 5-HT2A receptor agonist with IC50s of 0.77 nM and 1.5 nM for rat and human 5-HT2 receptors, respectively.AL 34662 is also a low affinity α-1D adrenergic agonist, with an EC50 of 0.4 μM.AL 34662 can be used to lower intraocular pressure.

AR-13324 analog mesylate, an inhibitor of Rho-kinase and the norepinephrine transporter, reduces intraocular pressure in normotensive monkey eyes.

Netarsudil Dihydrochloride (AR-13324 Dihydrochloride) is an inhibitor of Rho-related protein kinase (ROCK) and norepinephrine transporter (NET) and is effective in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP).

Latanoprost lactone diol is an important intermediate compound in the synthesis of Latanoprost. Latanoprost, classified as a prostaglandin F2α analogue, functions as an agonist for the FP prostanoid receptor, resulting in a reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP).

(Rac)-MGV354 (MGV354) is the racemate of MGV354. MGV354 is a soluble activator of guanylate cyclase (sGC)(EC50s of <0.5 nM, and 5 nM in CHO and GTM-3 E cells, respectively).

Y-33075 (Y-39983 free base) is a ROCK inhibitor that lowers intraocular pressure (IOP), increases blood flow to the optic nerve head (ONH), and increases the number of RGCs (retinal ganglion cells) in the body with regenerating axons.

Unoprostone is a prostaglandin F2α analogs (PGAs), and reduces intraocular pressure and is used topically for glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Latanoprostene bunod (LBN) is nitric oxide (NO)-donating prostaglandin F2a analog and is a topical ophthalmic therapeutic. It is used for the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (OHT).

Tetrahydrocortisol (Tetrahydrohydrocortisone) is a metabolite of neurosteroids and cortisol, a GABAA receptor antagonist, and also capable of lowering intraocular pressure.

Levobetaxolol, also known as AL-1577A and Betaxon, is a cardioselective β-adrenergic receptor inhibitor. It has been demonstrated to reduce intraocular pressure in patients affected by ocular hypertension and primary open-angle glaucoma.

Apraclonidine hydrochloride (ALO 2145) is an α2-adrenergic agonist and a weak α-1 adrenergic receptor agonist. Apraclonidine hydrochloride lowers intraocular pressure in human eyes and can be used in studies about glaucoma therapy.

H-0104 Dihydrochloride is an inhibitor of ROCK that acts by applying potent intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects into the eyes of monkeys.

H-0106 Dihydrochloride is an inhibitor of ROCK that acts by applying strong intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects into the eyes of monkeys.

Nabitan hydrochloride is a synthetic cannabinoid analog with antiemetic and analgesic effects. It may bind to and activate the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. It also reduces intraocular pressure and may be useful in treating glaucoma.

Taprenepag (CP-544326) (CP-544326) is a potent and selective prostaglandin E2 receptor agonist (EC50 = 2.8 nM). Taprenepag has been used in trials studying the treatment of Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma, Open-Angle.

Dichlorphenamide-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of dichlorphenamide by GC- or LC-MS. Dichlorphenamide is a sulfonamide and an orally bioavailable carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor (Kis = 1.20, 38, 50, and 50 nM for the human CA isoforms CAI, CAII, CAIX, and CAXII, respectively).1It lowers intraocular pressure in rabbits when 50 μl of a 10% solution is applied topically to the eye.2Dichlorphenamide rescues the potassium deficiency and prevents insulin-induced paralysis in a rat model of familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis when administered at a dose of 5.6 mg/kg per day for ten days.3Formulations containing dichlorphenamide have been used in the treatment of glaucoma and primary periodic paralysis.

Biosynthesis of 12(R)-HETE in invertebrates is via lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid . In mammals, 12(R)-HETE can be produced by 12(R)-LOs and also by CYP450 oxidation. The activity of 12(R)-HETE in mammals is predominantly proinflammatory. 12(R)-HETE exhibits dose-dependent leukocyte chemotaxis at concentrations as low as 100 nM, and lowers intraocular pressure in rabbits.

Bimatoprost grenod(15-(6-nitroxyhexanoyl)-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α) is a nitric oxide-donating derivative of 17-phenyl trinor PGF2α.1It increases cGMP levels in rabbit aqueous humor and iris ciliary body when topically administered at a concentration of 0.042%. Topical administration of 15-(6-nitroxylhexanoyl)-17-phenyl trinor PGF2α(0.14%) reduces intraocular hypertension (IOP) in a rabbit model of hypertonic saline-induced transient ocular pressure. It also reduces IOP in a cynomolgus monkey model of laser-induced ocular hypertension when administered topically at a concentration of 0.042%.