estrogenic

Estrone (Aquacrine) is an aromatized C18 steroid with a 3-hydroxyl group and a 17-ketone, a major mammalian estrogen. It is converted from ANDROSTENEDIONE directly, or from TESTOSTERONE via ESTRADIOL. In humans, it is produced primarily by the cyclic ovaries, PLACENTA, and the ADIPOSE TISSUE of men and postmenopausal women.

4-Hydroxyestrone, an endogenous estrogen metabolite, can strongly protect neuronal cells against oxidative damage.

2-Hydroxyanthraquinone is an anthraquinone that has been found inSpermacoce latifoliaand has antibacterial and estrogenic activities.1,2It is active againstB. subtilisandB. cereus(MICs = 1.9 and 62.5 μg ml, respectively).12-Hydroxyanthraquinone (19 μM) induces estrogen receptor α (ERα) activation in a yeast two-hybrid assay.2 1.Luo, Y., Shen, H.-Y., Shen, Q.-X., et al.A new anthraquinone and a new naphthoquinone from the whole plant of Spermacoce latifoliJ. Asian Nat. Prod. Res.19(9)869-876(2017) 2.Kurihara, R., Shiraishi, F., Tanaka, N., et al.Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese watersEnviron. Toxicol. Chem.24(8)1984-1993(2005)

4-tert-Octylphenol, an endocrine-disrupting chemical with estrogenic properties, notably induces apoptosis in offspring mouse brain neuronal progenitor cells. This compound decreases levels of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), mitotic marker Ki67, and phospho-histone H3 (p-Histone-H3), thereby diminishing the proliferation of neuronal progenitors. Consequently, 4-tert-Octylphenol adversely affects brain development and behavior in mice.

2-Isopropyl Thioxanthone has potential anti-estrogenic and anti-androgenic properties.

Ethynyl estradiol is a semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.

1. Gycitein has weak estrogenic activity. 2. Glycitein (Glycetein) inhibits glioma cell invasion through down-regulation of MMP-3 and MMP-9 gene expression.

Estropipate (Piperazine estrone sulfate) is a natural estrogenic substance composed of estrone sulfate and piperazine.

Puerarin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (Puerarin4'-O-glucoside) is a natural product isolated from Pueraria lobata root, exhibiting estrogenic activity and anti-proliferative effects in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells.

Zearalenone is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species that colonizes various grains.

β-Zearalenol, a non-steroidal estrogenic mycotoxin synthesized by Fusarium species, potentially influences transcription and affects gene expression on the translational level.

Tectoridin (Shekanin) possesses an estrogenic and thyroid hormone-like agent by activating estrogen and thyroid hormone receptors. Tectoridin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activities; Tectoridin and its five metabolites inhibits the activities of lens aldose reductase in rat (IC : 1.4-15.5 μM).

Enterolactone (trans-α,β-Bis(3-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone) is a bioactive phenolic metabolite with estrogenic properties and anti-breast cancer activity. It strongly inhibits cancer cell proliferation and migration by upregulating THBS1, synergistically suppressing epithelial ovarian cancer.

Zearalenone (F2 toxin) is a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium in foods and feeds. Possess oestrogenic activity in cattle, pigs and sheep, with low acute toxicity. Causes precocious development of mammae and other estrogenic effects in young gilts.

Kurarinone is a flavonoid extracted from the shrub Sophora flavescens, which has anti-tumor, estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities, and also has a strong inhibitory effect on immune responses.

5,7-Dimethoxy-2,3-phenanthrenediol exhibits estrogenic activity by promoting the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and enhancing the expression of ERβ within this cell line [1].

8-Prenylnaringenin is a phytoestrogen with high estrogenic activity,

Bavachromene, an isoprenylated chalcone extractable from Fructus in the family Psoraceae, has estrogenic and antimicrobial activities, and concentration-dependent inhibition of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated NO and PGE2 production in microglia.

Desmethylxanthohumol shows estrogenic activity.

Genistein 7,4'-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside shows significant estrogenic proliferative effect in MCF-7 cell in sub-cytotoxic concentration range.

Pelargonidin-3-O-glucopyranoside is the glucoside of Pelargonidin, an potential antidiabetic agent. Pelargonidin-3-O-glucopyranoside has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-estrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities.

Soyasapogenol A shows estrogenic and hepatoprotective activities, it directly prevents apoptosis of hepatocytes, and secondly, inhibits the elevation of plasma TNF-α±, which consequently resulted in the prevention of liver damage in the concanavalin A-induced hepatitis model.

Alloisoimperatorin is a candidate of AChE inhibitors, it displays potent antioxidant effects against the DPPH radical and against renal epithelial cell injury by using AAPH to generate peroxyl radicals in vitro. Alloisoimperatorin has estrogenic activity

Alpinumisoflavone has atheroprotective effects, may result from their ability to upregulate mechanisms promoting HDL-cholesterol and bile acid formation, it is endowed with estrogenic properties accounting, at least in part, for E. lysistemon effects. Alp