d-13

Colfosceril miristate-d13 (DMPC-d13) is the deuterated form of Colfosceril miristate. Colfosceril miristate (DMPC) is a synthetic phospholipid utilized in the study of liposomes and lipid bilayers. It is employed for research on lipid monolayers and bilayers.

Guanosine-d13 is the deuterated form of Guanosine. Guanosine (DL-Guanosine) is a type of nucleoside composed of guanine linked to a ribose ring through a β-N9-glycosidic bond. It exhibits activity against HSV (herpes simplex virus).

MES-d13 is the deuterated form of MES. MES (2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid) serves as a zwitterionic buffer with an effective buffering range of pH 5.5-7.0. As a Good's buffer, MES is extensively used in biochemistry and molecular biology experiments, including cell culture, enzyme activity assays, electrophoresis, and protein research.

1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine-d13 is the deuterated variant of 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine. 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC; DSPC) is a lipid utilized in liposome synthesis and serves as a lipid component in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) systems.

Choline-d13(chloride) is a deuterated form of Choline chloride. Choline chloride, an organic compound and a quaternary ammonium salt, acts as both a substrate for acyl receptors and choline acetyltransferase. It serves as a photosynthesis enhancer in plants and is also used as a feed additive for poultry and livestock to boost egg and offspring production.

Thymol-d13 is the deuterated analog of Thymol. Thymol is a major monoterpenol found in essential oils derived from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, as well as other families such as Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Ranunculaceae. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.

Palmitoleic acid-d13 is the deuterated form of Palmitoleic acid. Palmitoleic acid, a component of fatty acids, has the potential to prevent death from cerebrovascular diseases in SHRSP rats.

Acetylcholine-d13(bromide) is the deuterated form of Acetylcholine bromide.

Adenosine-d13 (Adenine riboside-d13; D-Adenosine-d13) is a deuterium-labeled form of Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside) is a widely present endogenous secretion that exerts effects via four G-protein-coupled receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3). It influences nearly all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.

2'-Deoxyguanosine-d13 (Deoxyguanosine-d13; Guanine deoxyriboside-d13) is a deuterium-labeled form of 2'-Deoxyguanosine (Deoxyguanosine), also known as guanine deoxyriboside.

VVD-130037 is a small molecule activator specifically targeting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) with potential antitumor activity.VVD-130037 inhibits tumor growth in advanced solid tumors by degrading NRF2.

AZD-1305 is a novel anti-arrhythmic compound that primarily blocks the fast component of IKr, l-type calcium currents and intra-ward sodium currents in mammalian cells and ventricular cardiomyocytes and can be used in studies to reverse arrhythmias.

NPD1335, a potent inhibitor of Trypanosoma brucei phosphodiesterase B1 (TbrPDEB1), exhibits submicromolar activity against T. brucei parasites and an improved cytotoxicity profile. By elevating intracellular cAMP levels, NPD1335 disrupts the cell cycle, leading to cell death [1].

EMD 132338 is a GPIIb/IIIa antagonist.

SMARCA2 ligand-13 is a ligand for the target protein in PROTAC (Proteolysis Targeting Chimera). It serves as a component for synthesizing PROTAC constructs.

CRBN ligand-13, a CRBN-type E3 ubiquitin ligase ligand, is applicable in the preparation of PROTAC.

IRAK4ligand-13 is an IRAK4 ligand and serves as a PROTAC target protein ligand. It is utilized in the synthesis of PROTAC compounds, such as LZ-07.

(S)-3-Phosphoglyceric acid-13C3sodium is the 13C labeled version of (S)-3-Phosphoglyceric acid sodium.

Citric acid-13C2 is a 13C-labeled form of citric acid. Citric acid serves as a preservative and food additive. It induces apoptosis in HaCaT cells and causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and S phases. Additionally, citric acid contributes to liver oxidative damage by reducing antioxidant enzyme activity. It also functions as an acidulant, emulsifier, chelating agent, and buffer, with extensive applications across multiple industries.

PD-135666 is an antagonist of CCK receptor.

Oleic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of oleic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid and a major component of membrane phospholipids that has been found in human plasma, cell membranes, and adipose tissue.1,2 It contributes approximately 17% of the total fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid class in porcine platelets.1 Oleic acid inhibits collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation by approximately 90% when used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml. It also inhibits fMLF-induced neutrophil aggregation and degranulation by 55 and 68%, respectively, when used at a concentration of 5 μM, similar to arachidonic acid .3 Oleic acid (60 μM) induces release of intracellular calcium in human platelets.4

Lauric acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of lauric acid by GC- or LC-MS. Lauric acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid. It has been found at high levels in coconut oil.1Lauric acid induces the activation of NF-κB and the expression of COX-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and IL-1α in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 25 μM.2

Octanoic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of octanoic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Octanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid. It has been found in Teleme cheeses made from goat, ovine, or bovine milk.1 Octanoic acid is active against the bacteria S. mutans, S. gordonii, F. nucleatum, and P. gingivalis (IC80s = <125, <125, 1,403, and 2,294 μM, respectively).2 Levels of octanoic acid are increased in the plasma of patients with medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, an inborn error of fatty acid metabolism characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycemia, medium-chain dicarboxylic aciduria, and intolerance to fasting.3,4 |1. Mallatou, H., Pappa, E., and Massouras, T. Changes in free fatty acids during ripening of Teleme cheese made with ewes', goats', cows' or a mixture of ewes' and goats' milk. Int. Dairy J. 13(1-3), 211-219 (2003).|2. Hyang, C.B., Alimova, Y., Myers, T.M., et al. Short- and medium-chain fatty acids exhibit antimicrobial activity for oral microorganisms. Arch. Oral Biol. 56(7), 650-654 (2011).|3. Onkenhout, W., Venizelos, V., van der Poel, P.F.H., et al. Identification and quantification of intermediates of unsaturated fatty acid metabolism in plasma of patients with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Clin. Chem. 41(10), 1467-1474 (1995).|4. Rinaldo, P., O'Shea, J.J., Coates, P.M., et al. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Diagnosis by stable-isotope dilution measurement of urinary n-hexanoylglycine and 3-phenylpropionylglycine. N. Engl. J. Med. 319(20), 1308-1313 (1988).

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7 |1. Dippold, M.A., and Kuzyakov, Y. Direct incorporation of fatty acids into microbial phospholipids in soils: Position-specific labeling tells the story. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 174(1), 211-221 (2016).|2. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|3. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|4. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|5. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|6. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|7. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).