a-msh

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human (Synonyms: Beta-MSH (1-22) (human)) β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

beta-MSH, human is an endogenous peptide hormone and neurotransmitter produced by pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and is also an agonist of MC4-R (melanocortin 4 receptor).

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) , is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

α-MSH (MSH, amide) is amide stimulates melanocortin 1 receptor that results in the activation of adenylyl cyclase.

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH acetate(321351-81-9 free base) is a selective melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 6.7, 340 and 600 nM for human MC3, MC5 and MC4 receptors respectively) and displays anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Bremelanotide is a synthetic peptide analog of alpha-MSH and is an agonist at melanocortin receptors including the MC3R and MC4R.

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland, as well as in keratinocytes, astrocytes, monocytes, and gastrointestinal cells.1It is an agonist of melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) and MC4R that induces cAMP production in Hepa cells expressing the human receptors (EC50s = 0.16 and 56 nM, respectively).2α-MSH (100 pM) reducesS. aureuscolony formation andC. albicansgerm tube formationin vitro.3It inhibits endotoxin-, ceramide-, TNF-α-, or okadaic acid-induced activation of NF-κB in U937 cells.1α-MSH reduces IL-6- or TNF-α-induced ear edema in mice.4It also prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and increases survival in a mouse model of septic shock. Increased plasma levels of α-MSH are positively correlated with delayed disease progression and reduced death in patients with HIV.1 1.Catania, A., Airaghi, L., Colombo, G., et al.α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in normal human physiology and disease statesTrends Endocrinol. Metab.11(8)304-308(2000) 2.Miwa, H., Gantz, I., Konda, Y., et al.Structural determinants of the melanocortin peptides required for activation of melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptorsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.273(1)367-372(1995) 3.Cutuli, M., Cristiani, S., Lipton, J.M., et al.Antimicrobial effects of a-MSH peptidesJ. Leukoc. Biol.67(2)233-239(2000) 4.Lipton, J.M., Ceriani, G., Macaluso, A., et al.Antiiinflammatory effect of the neuropeptide a-MSH in acute, chronic, and systemic inflammationAnn. N.Y. Acad. Sci.25(741)137-148(1994)

Nonapeptide-1 (Melanostatine-5) acetate salt is a peptide hormone that functions as a selective and competitive antagonist of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) with a binding affinity (K i) of 40 nM. It effectively inhibits α-MSH-induced increases in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) and melanosome dispersion in melanocytes, with inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) of 2.5 nM and 11 nM, respectively. By inhibiting melanin synthesis, Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt is used in research related to skin pigmentation, adrenal gland steroid production regulation, and skin cancer [1] [2] [3].

Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA, a melanocortin peptide originating from the C-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), enhances the steroidogenic response of rat adrenal glands to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). It is a potent stimulator of lipolysis, demonstrating an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM, by activating hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A, leading to lipolysis [1] [2].

JKC363 TFA is a selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist that exhibits a 90-fold higher affinity for the MC4 receptor (IC50=0.5 nM) compared to the MC3 receptor (44.9 nM). This compound effectively inhibits the α-MSH-induced stimulation of TRH release. It also demonstrates an anti-hyperalgesic effect [1] [2].

γ1-MSH TFA, a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, demonstrates a binding affinity (K i) of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. Notably, it exhibits approximately 40-fold greater selectivity for the MC3 receptor compared to the MC4 receptor, with a K i of 1318 nM for MC4 [1].

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent, selective agonist for the melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, with IC50 values of 6.7 nM for hMC3, 600 nM for hMC4, and 340 nM for hMC5 in CHO cells. It shows potential for providing protection against various inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and colitis [1] [2].

γ-1-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), amide, an 11-amino acid peptide, plays a critical role in regulating sodium (Na+) balance and blood pressure by activating melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3-R).

CCZ01048, an analogue of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), demonstrates a high binding affinity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), with a Ki of 0.31 nM. It rapidly internalizes into B16F10 melanoma cells and exhibits notable in vivo stability, making it a promising candidate for PET imaging of malignant melanoma [1].

CCZ01048 TFA, an α-MSH analogue, demonstrates a strong binding affinity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), displaying a K i value of 0.31 nM. It exhibits rapid internalization into B16F10 melanoma cells and maintains high in vivo stability. CCZ01048 TFA holds potential as an effective agent for PET imaging of malignant melanoma [1].

(p-Iodo-Phe7)-ACTH (4-10), a derivative of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) produced by the anterior pituitary gland, functions as a melanocortin (MC) receptor antagonist and effectively inhibits α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced excessive grooming behavior in rats [1].

(Nle4)-α-MSH, a synthetic analogue of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone α-MSH, exhibits the capability to reversibly darken frog skin. Additionally, it demonstrates sustained activity following exposure to heat and alkali treatment [1].

Ac-[Nle4,D-Phe7]-α-MSH (4-10)-NH2, a melanotropin derivative and melanocyte-stimulating hormone, activates tyrosinase and demonstrates a thermoregulatory effect in rat models [1][2].

Acetyl-ACTH (2-24) (human, bovine, rat), a proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide fragment, includes adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) precursor of α-MSH and serves as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1].

Acetyl-ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, rat), a segment derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide, functions as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1]. Encompassing adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), a precursor to α-MSH, it illustrates its role within the spectrum of POMC peptides.

Acetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat), a proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide fragment, functions as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1]. This compound encompasses a sequence present in adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), the precursor for α-MSH, illustrating its significant role in the POMC peptide family.

Gamma-MSH (Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone), a putative hormone in the N-terminal region of the ACTH/beta- endorphin (beta-EP) precursor protein, was studied by RIA with an antiserum against gamma 3-MSH in ACTH-producing mouse pituitary tumor cells, AtT-20

γ-1-MSH, amide acetate (72629-65-3 free base), a putative hormone in the N-terminal region of the ACTH beta- endorphin (beta-EP) precursor protein, was studied by RIA with an antiserum against gamma 3-MSH in ACTH-producing mouse pituitary tumor cells, AtT-20 D16v.

Melanotan I is a non-specific melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist, an α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) analog, which is injected subcutaneously to increase the amount of melanin in the skin Melanotan I is used as an adjunct to tanning Melanotan I has been used for the prevention of sunlight-induced skin cancers Melanotan I has been used in the study of melanoma and for male erectile dysfunction Melanotan I may be used to prevent sun-induced skin cancer and may be used to study melanoma and male erectile dysfunction.